the world were graduates of universities.[2] The self-made man as a leader is the exception and has necessarily his limitations which he is the first to feel and acknowledge.  Munsterberg in his book “The Americans” has a page which is very much to the point.  “The most important factor of the aristocratic differentiation of America is higher Education and culture and this becomes more important every day.  The social importance ascribed to a college graduate is all the time growing.  It was kept back for a long time by unfortunate prejudices.  Because other than intellectual forces had made the nation strong, and everywhere in the foreground of public activity there were vigorous and influential men who had not continued their education beyond the public grammar school, so the masses instinctively believed that insight, real energy and enterprise were better developed in the school of life than in the world of books.  The college student was thought a weakling, in a way, who might have fine theories, but who would never help to solve the great national problems—­a sort of academic “mug-wump,” but not a leader.  The banking house, factory, farm, the mine, law office and the political position were thought better places for the young (American) man than the college lecture halls. . . .  This has profoundly changed now, and changes more, with every year. . . .  The change has taken place in regard to what is expected of the college student; distrust has vanished and people realize that the intellectual discipline which he has had until his twenty-second year in the artificial and ideal world is after all the best training, less by its subject-matter than by its methods, is the best possible preparation for practical activity. . . .  The leading positions are almost entirely in the hands of men of academic training and the mistrust of the theorizing college spirit has given place to a situation in which university presidents and professors have much to say on all practical questions of public life, and the college graduates are the real supporters of every movement toward reform and civilization.”  (Munsterberg—­“The Americans” 600-602.)

The true leaders in society are like the snow-capped heights of a mountain range:  they are the first that the new light of a breaking dawn, of a coming period, is wont to strike with its rays, to be then reflected on the silent and sleeping valleys.  The men who hold to-day the pen or draughting pencil in the university are the men who will handle the levers of the world’s intricate machinery.  There they grapple with the various problems of the scientifical, economic and political world and their views, later on, will gradually influence the whole mental attitude of the masses, who, in their daily life, are confronted with these same problems.