again and again reversed their judgments.  They have had to say—­The facts are against you.  You prophesied destruction to such and such persons; and behold:  they have not been destroyed, but live and thrive.  You said that such and such persons’ calamities were a proof of God’s anger for their sins.  We find them, on the contrary, to have been innocent and virtuous persons; often martyrs for truth, for humanity, for God.  The facts, we say, are against you.  If there be a Providence, it is not such as you describe.  If there be judgments of God, you have not found out the laws by which He judges:  and rather than believe in your theory of Providence, your theory of judgments, we will believe in none.

Thus, in age after age, in land after land, has fanaticism and bigotry brought forth, by a natural revulsion, its usual fruit of unbelief.

But—­let men believe or disbelieve as they choose—­the warning of the Psalmist still stands true—­“Be wise.  Take heed, ye unwise among the people.  He that nurtureth the heathen; it is He that teacheth man knowledge, shall He not punish?” For as surely as there is a God, so surely does that God judge the earth; and every individual, family, institution, and nation on the face thereof; and judge them all in righteousness by His Son Jesus Christ, whom He hath appointed heir of all things, and given Him all power in heaven and earth; who reigns and will reign till He hath put all enemies under His feet.

This is the good news of Advent.  And therefore it is well that in Advent, if we believe that Christ is ruling us, we should look somewhat into the laws of His kingdom, as far as He has revealed them to us; and among others, into the law which—­as I think—­He laid down in the text.

Now I beg you to remark that the text, taken fully and fairly, means the very opposite to that popular notion of which I spoke in the beginning of my sermon.

Our Lord does not say—­Those Galilaeans were not sinners at all.  Their sins had nothing to do with their death.  Those on whom the tower fell were innocent men.  He rather implies the very opposite.

We know nothing of the circumstances of either calamity:  but this we know—­That our Lord warned the rest of the Jews, that unless they repented—­that is, changed their mind, and therefore their conduct, they would all perish in the same way.  And we know that that warning was fulfilled, within forty years, so hideously, and so awfully, that the destruction of Jerusalem remains, as one of the most terrible cases of wholesale ruin and horror recorded in history; and—­as I believe—­a key to many a calamity before and since.  Like the taking of Babylon, the fall of Rome, and the French Revolution, it stands out in lurid splendour, as of the nether pit itself, forcing all who believe to say in fear and trembling—­Verily there is a God that judgeth the earth—­and a warning to every man, class, institution, and nation on earth, to set their houses in order betimes, and bear fruit meet for repentance, lest the day come when they too shall be weighed in the balance of God’s eternal justice, and found wanting.