should not be more than two buds on a scion.  Don’t leave too many.  One bud is better than three, but you may leave two buds.  This scion must be kept entirely dormant until used.  Any time after the bark will slip readily is the proper time to graft, and you will then get a high percentage of success.  Keep your sap circulating to the top by putting two or three scions around the top of the stock.  This method of grafting is a very simple operation when you know a few little fundamental facts about it.  The kind of wax or cloth is not particularly important.  Mr. Reed and Mr. Jones and Mr. Rush have had much experience in this work.

MR. PARISH:  In doing this, shall we put in a little air hole?

MR. LITTLEPAGE:  No.  In from ten days to two weeks tear a little hole in the paper bag.  Next time be careful, for it may be full of wasps.  The purpose of that paper sack is to keep the water off the buds.  This is essential.

MR. PHILLIPS:  I had about 300 trees planted in 1911, black walnuts.  In 1913 I budded them according to the Oregon method.  I failed to make any of these grow.  In 1913 I cleft grafted and a great many of these started, but they all failed to live.  I wonder wherein I failed.

MR. LITTLEPAGE:  No one can tell why a particular scion does not live.  I had scions from a very fine hickory and I put them in cold storage.  The wood was in perfect condition.  I grafted perhaps 100 of these scions as I have described.  I have four trees growing out of the 100 grafted.  In handling the wood I got fungus on it probably.  That may be one reason why it failed.  There may be other reasons.  If the scions were not dormant that might explain it.

MR. W. C. REED:  I think it is very important that walnut grafting wood should be cut before severe weather in the winter, though I don’t think it ever grows cold enough to hurt pecan wood.  You need not worry about pecan wood, but in the case of the walnut it should be cut before extreme cold weather and put in cold storage.  I cut some last year after the extreme cold snap in December and we threw it practically all away this spring.  It is useless.  You are throwing away your time to use it.

MR. JONES:  I don’t think we had any wood that was not injured during the cold winter of 1911-12.  Out of about 2,600 grafts set we had two grow.

QUESTION:  What do you mean by cold storage?

MR. W. C. REED:  I have been storing all of our wood in ordinary apple cold storage plants.  Pack it in damp moss or excelsior.  Paper line your boxes well, and nail them up, and leave them there until you are ready to use them.  I have put wood in in November and taken it out in good shape in August.  Pecan wood can be held the year round.

THE PRESIDENT:  What can you tell us, Mr. White, that has not yet been covered?

MR. PAUL WHITE:  About all I would care to say about topworking would be to ask a question.  They claim that the pecan topworked on the hickory, only bears for a few years, and then stops.  What would be the result in the case of the English and black walnuts?  Might there not be some danger there?