104

Nimble and healthy bodies, a clear and deep sense for the observation of everyday matters, manly freedom, belief in good racial descent and good upbringing, warlike virtues, jealousy in the [Greek:  aristeyein], delight in the arts, respect for leisure, a sense for free individuality, for the symbolical.

105

The spiritual culture of Greece an aberration of the amazing political impulse towards [Greek:  aristeyein].  The [Greek:  polis] utterly opposed to new education; culture nevertheless existed.

106

When I say that, all things considered, the Greeks were more moral than modern men what do I mean by that?  From what we can perceive of the activities of their soul, it is clear that they had no shame, they had no bad conscience.  They were more sincere, open-hearted, and passionate, as artists are; they exhibited a kind of child-like naivete.  It thus came about that even in all their evil actions they had a dash of purity about them, something approaching the holy.  A remarkable number of individualities:  might there not have been a higher morality in that?  When we recollect that character develops slowly, what can it be that, in the long run, breeds individuality?  Perhaps vanity, emulation?  Possibly.  Little inclination for conventional things.

107

The Greeks as the geniuses among the nations.

Their childlike nature, credulousness.

Passionate.  Quite unconsciously they lived in such a way as to procreate genius.  Enemies of shyness and dulness.  Pain.  Injudicious actions.  The nature of their intuitive insight into misery, despite their bright and genial temperament.  Profoundness in their apprehension and glorifying of everyday things (fire, agriculture).  Mendacious, unhistorical.  The significance of the [Greek:  polis] in culture instinctively recognised, favourable as a centre and periphery for great men (the facility of surveying a community, and also the possibility of addressing it as a whole).  Individuality raised to the highest power through the [Greek:  polis].  Envy, jealousy, as among gifted people.

108

The Greeks were lacking in sobriety and caution.  Over-sensibility, abnormally active condition of the brain and the nerves; impetuosity and fervour of the will.

109

“Invariably to see the general in the particular is the distinguishing characteristic of genius,” says Schopenhauer.  Think of Pindar, &c.—­“[Greek:  Sophrosynae],” according to Schopenhauer, has its roots in the clearness with which the Greeks saw into themselves and into the world at large, and thence became conscious of themselves.

The “wide separation of will and intellect” indicates the genius, and is seen in the Greeks.

“The melancholy associated with genius is due to the fact that the will to live, the more clearly it is illuminated by the contemplating intellect, appreciates all the more clearly the misery of its condition,” says Schopenhauer. Cf. the Greeks.