and the English Crown, and James became so pleased with the house and its surroundings that he obtained it from Cecil, giving him the royal manor of Hatfield in its stead.  It was from Theobalds that Charles I. set out to raise his standard at Nottingham (1642).  The house was partially destroyed during the turmoil that ensued; after the Restoration it was given by Charles II. to George Monk.  It was subsequently the property of the Earl of Portland and of several other persons.

WARE was for a long period, and is perhaps now, the centre of the malt trade in Herts, but brickmaking is also extensively carried on.  The river Lea skirts the town on the S. side, and is crossed by an iron bridge near the Barge Inn.  The High Street displays many new houses and shops, but by turning into the smaller by-ways visitors may find quaint cottages and picturesque nooks and corners.  The town is very ancient, but contained only a few persons at the time of the Conquest.

The cruciform church of St. Mary has been much restored; the body of the present structure is Dec.; but the tower and chancel are Perp.  Note (1) the carved oak screen separating the S. transept from the Lady-chapel; (2) sedilia, piscina and ambries in the chapel itself; (3) octagonal font (temp. Henry IV.), bearing figures of saints on its panels; (4) mural monument in S. transept to Sir Richard Fanshawe; (5) brass to W. Pyrry or Pyrey (d. 1470) and his wives Agnes and Alice, the inscription was apparently never completed; (6) curious brass figure near pulpit.  There is also a modern church in the New Road, E.E. in style, of Kentish Rag and Bath Stone.

There was a Franciscan Priory a little W. from the church, which, although sometimes said to have been founded by Margaret, Countess of Leicester (temp. Henry III.), was probably of much earlier foundation, though doubtless enlarged by that lady.  It fell into decay after the Dissolution, but some remains of the old buildings are still to be seen at Ware Priory, a mansion occupying the site.  The property formed a separate manor, which was given to the Countess of Richmond by her son, Henry VII.

Ware is not without literary association.  The Johnny Gilpin, on the road to Amwell, commemorates the hero of Cowper’s ballad; Pepys mentions his visits to the town on several occasions; Dick Turpin, as the story runs in Ainsworth’s Rookwood, passed through Ware in his famous ride to York; Godwin, who figures so largely in the Lamb literature, was for some years the Independent minister of the town.  By a long ascent N. from the town, we reach, by turning right, the hamlet of Ware Side, picturesquely scattered over a slight depression close to Widford (q.v.).  W. from the town is Ware Park, a mansion on a beautiful eminence.

Warren’s Green (about 4 miles N.E. from Stevenage Station, G.N.R.) is a small hamlet.

Water End, on the river Gade, is on the S.W. confines of Gaddesden Park.  There are also hamlets of the same name (1) close to Ayot Station, G.N.R.; (2) at the E. extremity of Mimms Park, 2 miles N.W. from Potter’s Bar Station (Middlesex).