II.  If something is not wanted, by

  ne:\, conj., _in order that not, that not, lest_

351. EXAMPLES

  1.  Caesar copias cogit quibus hostis insequatur
    Caesar collects troops with which to pursue the foe

  2.  Pacem petunt ut domum revertantur
    They ask for peace in order that they may return home

  3.  Pontem faciunt quo facilius oppidum capiant
    They build a bridge that they may take the town more easily
    (lit. by which the more easily)

  4.  Fugiunt ne vulnerentur
     They flee that they may not (or lest they) be wounded

352. Expression of Purpose in English.  In English, purpose clauses are sometimes introduced by that or in order that, but much more frequently purpose is expressed in English by the infinitive, as We eat to live, She stoops to conquer.  In Latin prose, on the other hand, purpose is never expressed by the infinitive\.  Be on your guard and do not let the English idiom betray you into this error.

353. EXERCISES

I.
  1.  Veniunt ut { ducant, mittant, videant, audiant,
                        { ducantur, mittantur, videantur, audiantur.
  2.  Fugimus ne:  { capiamur, tradamur, videamus,
                        { necemur, rapiamur, resistamus.
  3.  Mittit nuntios qui { dicant, audiant, veniant,
                        { narrent, audiantur, in concilio sedeant.
  4.  Castra muniunt { sese defendant, impetum sustineant,
         quo:  facilius { hostis vincant, salutem petant.

II. 1.  The Helvetii send ambassadors to seek[1] peace. 2.  They are setting out at daybreak in order that they may make a longer march before night. 3.  They will hide the women in the forest (acc. with in\) that they may not be captured. 4.  The Gauls wage many wars to free[1] their fatherland from slavery. 5.  They will resist the Romans[2] bravely lest they be destroyed.

[Footnote 1:  Not infinitive.]

    [Footnote 2:  Not accusative.]

LESSON LXIII

INFLECTION OF THE IMPERFECT SUBJUNCTIVE THE SEQUENCE OF TENSES

354. The imperfect subjunctive may be formed by adding the personal endings to the present active infinitive.

   CONJ.  I CONJ.  II CONJ.  III CONJ.  IV
   ACTIVE
1. ama:’rem mone:’rem re’gerem ca’perem audi:’rem 2. ama:’re:s mone:’re:s re’gere:s ca’pere:s audi:’re:s 3. ama:’ret mone:’ret re’geret ca’peret audi:’ret