S. Johannesson, Assoc.  M. Am.  Soc.  C. E., was Engineer Assistant to the Chairman from December 1st, 1905, to April 30th, 1909.

Division of the Work.—­For the purposes of actual construction, the line was divided into four parts:  the Meadows Division, the North River Division, the Terminal Station, and the East River Division.  A chief engineer appointed by the Management had charge of the construction of each Division.  The chief engineers exercised full authority in the organization of the working forces, and in the general conduct and management of the work of construction on their respective Divisions, in accordance with the plans for such work approved by the Board of Engineers and the Management.

Architects were employed to design the Terminal Station building and superintend its erection; and structural engineers to design and erect steel structures and facilities, and carry on the work under the direction of a Chief Engineer of the Company.

Committees, consisting principally of officers of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, co-operating with the regular engineering organization, were appointed to consider the operating features of the project, so that the experience of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company’s organization might be utilized in the work.

[Illustration:  PLATE I.—­Pennsylvania Tunnel and Terminal Railroad.  Map and Profile.  Bergen Hill Tunnel, New Jersey to Long Island Shaft, Borough of Queens]

DESCRIPTION OF THE LINE.

The following summary description of the various divisions of the line is intended to give a comprehensive idea of the general features of the project.  Full details will be given in succeeding papers.  The line and its respective divisions are shown on Plate I.

Meadows Division.—­Chief Engineer until March 1st, 1906, Mr. William H. Brown, Chief Engineer, Pennsylvania Railroad Company, when he retired from active service with the latter Company; since March 1st, 1906, Mr. Alexander C. Shand, Chief Engineer, Pennsylvania Railroad Company.

This Division consists of an “interchange yard” at Harrison, near Newark, N. J., adjoining the tracks of the present New York Division of the Pennsylvania Railroad, and a double-track railroad across the Hackensack Meadows to the west side of Bergen Hill, a distance of 6.04 miles.  The construction is embankment and bridge work, including bridges across the Pennsylvania, Erie, and Lackawanna Railroads, and the Hackensack River.

North River Division.—­Chief Engineer, Mr. Charles M. Jacobs.