as to rise to the height of these ideas.”  I follow the text, and thirteen lines further on, in the same page, I read, “Therefore matter and space must be eternal."[118] Observe well the use which this writer makes of the great ideas of the reason.  Is it desired to employ them to prove the existence of God?  He will have nothing to do with them.  Is the object in question to deny God’s existence?  He makes use of them; and all in the same page.  This is coarse work, no doubt, and Dr. Buechner damages his cause; but, under forms, often more subtle and more intelligent, the same sophism turns up in all systems of materialism.[119] It is affirmed that we have no real idea of the infinite, and it is sought at the same time to beguile the need which reason feels of this idea by applying it to matter.

Pray do not suppose that I am here attacking the natural sciences, in the interest of metaphysics.  I am not attacking but defending them.  I am endeavoring, as far as in me lies, to avenge them from the outrages which are offered to them by materialism, while it seeks to cover with their noble mantle its own shameful nakedness.  Naturalists on the one hand, and theologians and philosophers on the other, are too often at war.  They are men, and as nothing human is foreign to them, they are not unacquainted either with proud prepossessions, or with jealous rivalries, or with the miserable struggles of envy:  with these things the passions are chargeable.  But never render the sciences responsible for the errors of their representatives.  Take away human frailties, and you shall see harmony established; the study of matter will thus agree with the study of mind, and the idea of nature with the idea of God.  You will see all the sciences rise together in a majestic harmony.  I say rise, and I say it advisedly; for the sciences also form a part of that golden chain which should unite the earth to heaven.

The assertion that the science of nature leads away from God, expresses nothing but a prejudice.  It is not true in fact, and on principles of right reason it is impossible:  the demonstration is complete.  Atheism is a philosophy for which the natural sciences are in no degree responsible.  We shall not undertake here the general discussion of this philosophy.  Let us confine ourselves to the examination of the pretence which it puts forward to find a new support in the results of modern science.

The nineteenth century bestows particular attention upon history, and it is not only to the annals of the human race that it directs its investigations.  Geology and palaeontology dive into the bowels of the earth in order to ask of the ground which carries us testimony as to what it carried of old.  Astronomy goes yet further.  It endeavors to conjecture what was the condition of our planet before the appearance of the first living being.  It remarks that the sun is not fixed in the heavens, and that our earth does not twice travel over the same line in its annual