CHAPTER PAGE

 1.  Introductory reflections 1

 2.  Konopischt 34

 3.  William II 52

 4.  Roumania 77

 5.  The U-boat warfare 114

 6.  Attempts at peace 134

 7.  Wilson 188

 8.  Impressions and reflections 195

 9.  Poland 200

10.  Brest-Litovsk 211

11.  The peace of Bucharest 258

12.  Final reflections 271

APPENDIX 275

LIST OF PLATES

Count Czernin Frontispiece

Facingpage

THE ARCHDUKE FRANZ FERDINAND 48

COUNT TISZA 128

GENERAL HOFFMANN 240

IN THE WORLD WAR

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTORY REFLECTIONS

1

The bursting of a thunderstorm is preceded by certain definite phenomena in the atmosphere.  The electric currents separate, and the storm is the result of atmospheric tension which can no longer be repressed.  Whether or no we become aware of these happenings through outward signs, whether the clouds appear to us more or less threatening, nothing can alter the fact that the electric tension is bound to make itself felt before the storm bursts.

For years the political barometer of the European Ministries of Foreign Affairs had stood at “storm.”  It rose periodically, to fall again; it varied—­naturally; but for years everything had pointed to the fact that the peace of the world was in danger.

The obvious beginnings of this European tension date back several years:  to the time of Edward VII.  On the one hand England’s dread of the gigantic growth of Germany; on the other hand Berlin’s politics, which had become a terror to the dwellers by the Thames; the belief that the idea of acquiring the dominion of the world had taken root in Berlin.  These fears, partly due merely to envy and jealousy, but partly due also to a positive anxiety concerning