When Mme. Nordica was preparing to sing “Elsa” at Bayreuth, it was Frau Cosima who went over the role with her, sometimes repeating a single phrase a hundred times in order to assure the correct pronunciation of one word.  It taxed the singer to the utmost; but she found Wagner’s widow willing to work as long and as hard as she herself would.  The performance established Mme. Nordica as a Wagner singer.  Despite the criticisms that have been heaped upon Frau Wagner for assuming to set herself up as the great conservator of Wagnerian traditions, it is significant that when, some years later, Mme. Nordica decided to add “Sieglinde” to her repertoire, but with no special purpose of singing it at Bayreuth, she arranged with Frau Cosima to go over the role with her, and in order to do so made a trip to Switzerland, where the former was staying.  So far as adding to her reputation was concerned, there was not the slightest reason for Mme. Nordica to do this.  That the American prima donna elected to study with Frau Cosima shows that she must have found Wagner’s widow a woman of rare temperament.

Cosima was not Wagner’s first love, nor even his first wife.  For in November, 1836, he had married Wilhelmina Planer, the leading actress of the theatre in Magdeburg where he was musical director of opera.  Her father was a spindle-maker.  It is said that her desire to earn money for the household, rather than the impetus of a well-defined histrionic gift, led her to go on the stage; but, once on the stage, she discovered that she had unquestionable talent, and played leading characters in tragedy and comedy with success.

Minna is described as handsome, but not strikingly so; of medium height and slim figure, with “soft, gazelle-like eyes which were a faithful index of a tender heart.”  Later, however, the Princess Sayn-Wittgenstein wrote to Liszt that she was too stout, but praised her management of the household and her excellent cuisine.  Her nature was the very opposite of Wagner’s.  Where he was passionate, strong-willed and ambitious, she was gentle, affectionate and retiring.  Where he yearned for conquest, she wanted only a well-regulated home.  But she could not follow him in his art theories, and as they assumed more definite shape she became less and less able to comprehend them and, finally, they became almost a sealed book to her.

[Illustration:  Richard and Cosima Wagner.]

Doubtless, the ill success of “The Flying Dutchman” and “Tannhaeuser,” works which, after “Rienzi,” puzzled people, engendered her first misunderstanding of Wagner’s genius.  Some may be surprised that this lack of appreciation did not bring about a separation sooner, instead of after nearly a quarter of a century of married life.  But when a man is struggling with poverty, the woman who unobtrusively aids him in bearing it is regarded by him as an angel of light, and the question as to whether she appreciates his genius or not becomes a secondary one in the struggle for existence.