Such was the language of almost the whole of the grand army; its leader was silent, either because he expected no more zeal on the part of an ally, or from policy, or because he believed that Schwartzenberg had acted with sufficient honour, in sending him the sort of notice which he did six weeks before, when he was at Moscow.

However, he did address some reproaches to the field-marshal.  To these the latter replied, by complaining bitterly, first, of the double and contradictory instructions which he had received, to cover Warsaw and Minsk at the same time; and second, of the false news which had been transmitted to him by the Duke of Bassano.

He said, “that minister had constantly represented to him that the grand army was retreating safe and sound, in good order, and always formidable.  Why had he been trifled with, by sending him bulletins made to deceive the idlers of the capital?  His only reason for not making greater efforts to join the grand army was, because he believed that it was fully able to protect itself.”

He also alleged his own weakness.  “How could it be expected that with twenty-eight thousand men he could so long keep sixty thousand in check?  In that situation, if Tchitchakof stole a few marches on him, was it at all wonderful?  Had he then hesitated to follow him, to leave Gallicia, his point of departure, his magazines, and his depot?  If he ceased his pursuit, it was only because Regnier and Durutte, the two French generals, summoned him in the most urgent manner to come to their assistance.  Both they and he had reason to expect that Maret, Oudinot, or Victor, would provide for the safety of Minsk.”

CHAP.  II.

In fact, no one had any right to accuse another of treachery, when we had betrayed ourselves, for all had been wanting in the time of need.

At Wilna, they appeared to have had no suspicion of the real state of affairs; and at a time when the garrisons, the depots, the marching battalions, and the divisions of Durutte, Loison, and Dombrowski, between the Berezina and the Vistula, might have formed at Minsk an army of thirty thousand men, three thousand men, headed by a general of no reputation, were the only forces which Tchitchakof found there to oppose him.  It was a known fact that this handful of young soldiers was exposed in front of a river, into which they were precipitated by the admiral, whereas, if they had been placed on the other side, that obstacle would have protected them for some time.

For thus, as frequently happens, the faults of the general plan had led to faults of detail.  The governor of Minsk had been negligently chosen.  He was, it was said, one of those men who undertake every thing, who promise every thing, and who do nothing.  On the 16th of November, he lost that capital, and with it four thousand seven hundred sick, the warlike ammunition, and two million rations of provisions.  It was five days since the news of this loss had reached Dombrowna, and the news of a still greater calamity came on the heels of it.