The artist himself was more interested in the torso
than the head; some artists came to be regarded as
specialists in their own lines; Calcosthenes for instance,
who made athletes, and Apollodorus, who made philosophers.
Donatello made several portrait-busts, and two or
three others, such as the head of St. Laurence, and
the so-called St. Cecilia in London, which are portraits
in all essentials. These two are idealised heads,
both made late in life, judging from a certain sketchiness,
in no way detracting from their sterling qualities,
but indicative of Donatello’s fluency as an
oldish man. Both are in terra-cotta. The
St. Laurence is placed on the top of one of the great
chests in the Sacristy of San Lorenzo, too high above
the eye-level.[164] It has no connection with the
decorative work carried out there by the master, and
it is difficult to see how it could have been meant
to fit in with the altar. However, the authorship
of Donatello is beyond question. St. Laurence
is almost a boy, wearing his deacon’s vestments.
His head is raised up as if he had just heard something
and were about to reply. The eager and inquiring
look is most happily shown. The sentiment of this
bust is quite out of the common; it has an engaging
expression which is rare in the sculpture of all ages,
differing from what is called animation or vivacity.
These also may be found in the St. Laurence, where
the exact but indescribable movement of the face as
he is about to speak is rendered with immense skill.
The bust, though modelled with a free hand, is not
carelessly executed; everything is in concord, and
the treatment of the clay shows exceptional dexterity,
more so, at any rate, than is the case in the St.
Cecilia.[165] The name given to this bust is traditional,
there being no symbol to connect it with her; but
it suggests at least that the work was not meant purely
as a portrait. In technique and conception it
is not quite equal to the St. Laurence, but it is
none the less a work of rare merit, and being Donatello’s
only clay portrait in this country has a special value
to us. The Saint looks downwards, pensive, quiet
and modest, the embodiment of tranquillity and calm.
There is no movement or effort about her, neither
does the work show any effort on the part of the sculptor.
It is equable in a very marked degree; the smooth regular
features are simple and well defined, and the hair,
brushed back from the forehead, has a softness which
could scarcely be obtained in marble. The bust
known as Louis III. of Gonzaga is interesting in another
way: it is bronze and has been left in an unfinished
state. Two versions of it exist—one
in Berlin, the other in Paris, belonging to Madame
Andre, the latter being perhaps the less ugly of the
two. It used to be known as Alfonso of Naples,
on the assumption that Donatello must surely have
made a bust of that prince. This theory, however,
had to be abandoned, and it is now held to be a portrait
of the Gonzaga as being a closer resemblance to him