The Martelli figure, and a most important boy’s
bust belonging to Frau Hainauer in Berlin, are now
usually ascribed to Rossellino. But his St. John
in the Bargello, where all the features are softened
down, and his authenticated work in San Miniato and
elsewhere, make the attribution open to question.
The St. John at Faenza is also denied to be by Donatello;
one of the critics who is quite certain on the point
believes the bust to be made of wood! These problems
cannot be settled by spending ten lire on photographs.
The bust at Faenza,[156] though a faithful portrait,
is one of the most romantic specimens of childhood
depicted by Donatello. Admirably modelled, and
with a surface like ivory, it gives the intimate characteristics
of the model. Nothing has been embellished or
suppressed, if we may judge from the absolute sequence
and correspondence of all the features. The flat
head, the projecting mouth, and the much-curved nose,
are sure signs of accurate and painstaking observation;
they combine to give it a personal note which adds
much to its abstract merits. The St. John in the
Louvre[157] is also a portrait, but of an older boy,
in whom the first signs of maturity are faintly indicated:
lines on the forehead, a stronger neck, and a harder
accentuation of nose and mouth. But he is still
a boy, though he will soon go forth into the wilderness.
By the side of the Faenza Giovannino he would appear
rough; beside the Vienna and Dreyfus statuettes he
would be harsh and unsympathetic. He has no smiling
countenance, no fascinating twinkle of the eye:
the type has not been generalised as in Desiderio’s
work, and it therefore lacks those qualities, the
very absence of which makes it most Donatellesque.
The fundamental distinction between Donatello and the
later masters can be emphasised by comparing this bust
with another group of terra-cotta heads, which are
analogous, although the boy in them is older.
One in the Berlin Gallery[158] has been painted, and
no final judgment can be passed until the more recent
accretions of oil-colour have been removed. But
the whole conception is weakly and vapid. The
brown eyes, the nicely rouged cheeks, the mincing look,
and the affectation of the pose make a genteel page-boy
of him, and all suggest a later imitation—about
1470 perhaps—and contemporary with the
somewhat analogous though better rendering in the Louvre.[159]
The version belonging to M. Dreyfus differs in certain
details from the Berlin bust, and it has been fortunate
in escaping careless painting; it has more vigour
and virility. One remark may be made about the
Faenza, Grosvenor House, Martelli, Hainauer and Louvre
busts: they all show a peculiarity in the treatment
of the hair. It is bunched together and drawn
back from behind the ears, and is gathered on the
nape of the neck, down which it seems to curl.
This is precisely the treatment observed in the Mandorla
relief, the Martelli David, the young Gattamelata,
and the Amorino in the Bargello: in a lesser degree
it is observable in the Isaac and the Siena Virtues.
The point is not one upon which stress could properly
be laid, but it is a further point of contact between
Donatello’s accepted work and some few out of
the numerous boys’ busts which he must inevitably
have made.