had to settle which was “pulchrius et honorabilius
pro ecclesia.” Donatello’s design
was accepted,[74] and the actual glazing was carried
out by Bernardo Francesco in eighteen months.[75]
The background is a plain blue sky, and the two great
figures are the centre of a warm and harmonious composition.
The window stands well among its fellows as regards
colour and design, but does not help us to solve difficult
problems connected with Donatello’s drawings.
Numbers have been attributed to him on insufficient
foundation.[76] The fact is that, notwithstanding
the explicit statements of Borghini and Vasari that
Donatello and Michael Angelo were comparable in draughtsmanship,
we have no authenticated work through which to make
our inductions. A large and important scene of
the Flagellation in the Uffizzi,[77] placed within
a complicated architectural framework, and painted
in green wash, has some later Renaissance features,
but recalls Donatello’s compositions. In
the same collection are two extremely curious pen-and-ink
drawings which give variants of Donatello’s
tomb of John XXIII. in the Baptistery. The first
of them (No. 660) shows the Pope in his tiara, whereas
on the tomb this symbol of the Papacy occupies a subordinate
place. The Charity below carries children, another
variant from the tomb itself. The second study
(No. 661) gives the effigy of a bareheaded knight
in full armour lying to the left, and the basal figures
also differ from those on the actual tomb. These
drawings are certainly of the fifteenth century, and
even if not directly traceable to Donatello himself,
are important from their relation to the great tomb
of the Pope, for which Donatello was responsible.
But we have no right to say that even these are Donatello’s
own work. In fact, drawings on paper by Donatello
would seem inherently improbable. Although he
almost drew in marble when working in stiacciato,
the lowest kind of relief, he was essentially a modeller,
rather than a draughtsman. Leonardo was just the
reverse; Michael Angelo was both, but with him sculpture
was the art. Donatello had small sense
of surface or silhouette, and we would not expect
him to commit his ideas to paper, just as Nollekens,[78]
who drew so badly that he finally gave up drawing,
and limited himself to modelling instead—turning
the clay round and round and observing it from different
aspects, thus employing a tactile in place of a pictorial
medium. Canova also trusted chiefly to the plastic
sense to create the form. But Donatello must
nevertheless have used pen and ink to sketch the tombs,
the galleries, the Roman tabernacle, and similar works.
It is unfortunate that none of his studies can be identified.
There is, however, one genuine sketch by Donatello,
but it is a sketch in clay. The London Panel[79]
was made late in life, when Donatello left a considerable
share to his assistants. It is therefore a valuable
document, showing Donatello’s system as regards
his own preliminary studies and the amount of finishing
he would leave to pupils. We see his astonishing
plastic facility, and the ease with which he could
improvise by a few curves, depressions and prominences
so complex a theme as the Flagellation, or Christ on
the Cross. It is a marvel of dexterity.