from the tomb with manifest effort. One feels
that the physical infirmities of the artist are reflected
in these two works, so vivid in their presentment
of the heavy burden of advanced years. But in
the Resurrection a fresh note is struck. The
bystanders are gathered round the Christ, who gives
the Benediction. His robe is held back by little
angels, and the scene is pervaded by an atmosphere
of staid and decorous calm. Donatello has treated
this relief in a more archaic spirit. The absence
of paroxysms of acute grief, giving a certain violence
to other parts of the pulpits, makes the contrast of
this relief more effective; but, even so, this scene
of the Ascension is fraught with dramatic emphasis.
The Descent of the Holy Ghost is less interesting.
There is a monotony in the upraised hands, while the
feeling of devotional rhapsody is perhaps unduly enforced.
The relief of the Maries at the Tomb, which occupies
the western end of this pulpit, is almost Pisanesque
in the relative size of the people to the architecture.
There is a combination of trees and pilasters seeming
to support the long low roof beneath which the incident
is portrayed. A curious feeling of intimacy is
conveyed to the spectator. The pulpits are full
of classical details—far more so than in
anything we find at Padua. It is very noticeable
in the armour of the soldiers, in their shields bearing
the letters S.P.Q.R. and the scorpion, and in the
antique vases which decorate the frieze. The centaurs
holding the cartel on which Donatello has signed his
name are, of course, classical in idea, while the
boys with horses are suggested by the great Monte
Cavallo statues.[240] Then, again, the architecture
is replete with classical forms; in one relief Donatello
introduces the Column of Trajan. But here, as
elsewhere, the classicisms are held in check, and
never invade or embarrass the dominant spirit of the
Quattrocento. How far Donatello was helped by
assistants must remain problematical in the absence
of documentary evidence. Bellano and Bertoldo
were in all probability responsible for a good deal.
In the relief of St. Laurence it is possible that
Donatello’s share was relatively small.
Moreover, one part of the frieze of children is so
closely allied to the work of Giovanni da Pisa at Padua,
that one is justified, on stylistic grounds, in suggesting
that he may also have been employed. But it is
certain that the share of Bellano must have been limited
to the more technical portion of the work, for there
is happily nothing to suggest the poverty of his inventive
powers. These pulpits are very remarkable works;
they have an inexhaustible wealth of detail in which
Donatello can be studied with endless pleasure.
The backgrounds are full of his architectural fancy,
and the sustained effort put forth by Donatello is
really astonishing. But he was an octogenarian,
and there are signs of decay. Michael Angelo and
Beethoven decayed. Dante and Shakespeare were
too wise to decay; Shelley and Giorgione died too