and it is obvious that, notwithstanding the signs
of feverish activity, and an apparent desire to get
the work finished, much was left uncompleted at his
death. The pulpits were not even erected until
a later date; some of the panels were subsequently
added in wood, and others do not correctly fit into
the structural design. But the genius of Donatello
shines through the finishing-touches of his assistants.
Drama is replaced by tragedy; and in these panels the
concluding incidents of the Passion are pictured with
intense earnestness and pathos. But Donatello
would not allow gloom to monopolise his composition.
The paradox of the pulpits consists in the frieze of
putti above the reliefs: putti who
dance, play, romp, and run about. Some of them
are busily engaged in moving a heavy statue:
others are pressing grapes into big cauldrons.
The boy dragging along a violoncello as big as himself
is delightful. The contrast afforded by this
happy and buoyant throng to the unrelieved tragedy
below is strikingly unconventional; and the spirit
of both portions is so well maintained that there
is neither conflict of emotion nor sense of incongruity.
The scenes (including those added at a later date)
are sixteen in number. Except the later reliefs
of St. John, St. Luke, the Flagellation, and the Ecce
Homo, all are of bronze, upon which more care seems
to have been expended than on the clay models from
which they were cast. On the southern pulpit
the scene on the Mount of Olives shows the foreshortened
Apostles sleeping soundly as in Mantegna’s pictures.
Christ before Pilate and Christ before Caiaphas are
treated as different episodes, in two similar compartments
of one great hall, separated by a large pier.
The Crucifix and the Deposition are, perhaps, the
most remarkable of all these reliefs: corresponding
in many ways to works already described; but not having
been over-decorated like the Bargello relief, show
greater dignity and less confusion. The background
of the Deposition is flat, but broken here and there
by faintly-indicated horsemen; naked boys riding on
shadowy steeds like those vague figures which seem
to thread their way through some panel of Gothic tapestry.
There is an element of stiacciato in the Entombment,
giving it the air of a mystery rather than of an historical
fact. The draperies are thin and graceful, suited
to the softer modelling of the limbs: some of
the faces are almost dainty. Passing to the northern
pulpit, we come to three scenes divided by heavy buttresses,
but unified by figures leaning against them, and overstepping
the lateral boundaries of the reliefs. The subjects
are the Descent into Limbo, the Resurrection and the
Ascension. The link between the two former is
a haggard emaciated Baptist. The Christ is old
and tired. The people who welcome him in Limbo
are old and tired, feebly pressing towards the Saviour.
The Roman guards lie sleeping, self abandoned in their
fatigue, while Christ, wearied and suffering, steps