Marat, in the Publiciste and the Ami du
Peuple; Brissot, in the Patriote Francaise;
Gorsas, in the Courier de Versailles; Condorcet,
in the Chronique de Paris, Cerutti, in the
Feuille Villageoise; Camille Desmoulins, in
the Discours de la Lanterne, and the Revolutions
de Brabant; Freron, in the Orateur du Peuple;
Hebert and Manuel, in the Pere Duchesne; Carra,
in the Annales Patriotiques; Fleydel, in the
Observateur; Laclos, in the Journal des
Jacobins; Fauchet, in the Bouche de Fer;
Royon, in the Ami du Roi; Champcenetz-Rivarol,
in the Actes des Apotres; Suleau and Andre
Chenier, in several royaliste or moderee
papers,—excited and disputed dominion over
the minds of the people. It was the ancient tribune
transported to the dwelling of each citizen, and adapting
its language to the comprehension of all men, even
the most illiterate. Anger, suspicion, hatred,
envy, fanaticism, credulity, invective, thirst of
blood, sudden panics, madness and reflection, treason
and fidelity, eloquence and folly, had each their
organ in this concert of every passion and feeling
in which the city revelled each night. All toil
was at an end; the only labour in their eyes was to
watch the throne, to frustrate the real or fancied
plots of the aristocracy, and to save their country.
The hoarse bawling of the vendors of the public journals,
the patriotic chaunts of the Jacobins as they quitted
their clubs, the tumultuous assemblies, the convocations
to the patriotic ceremonies, fallacious fears as to
the failure of provisions—kept the population
of the city and faubourgs in a perpetual state of
excitement, which suffered no one to remain inactive;
indifference would have been considered treason; and
it was necessary to feign enthusiasm in order to be
in accordance with public opinion. Each fresh
event quickened this feverish excitement, which the
press constantly instilled into the veins of the people.
Its language already bordered on delirium, and borrowed
from the population even their proverbs, their love
of trifles, their obscenity, their brutality, and
even their oaths, with which the articles were interlarded,
as though to impress more forcibly its hatred on the
ear of its foes. Danton, Hebert, and Marat were
the first to adopt this tone, these gestures, and
these exclamations of the populace, as though to flatter
them by imitating their vices. Robespierre never
condescended to this, and never sought to obtain ascendency
over the people by pandering to their brutality, but
by appealing to their reason; and the fanatical tone
of his speeches possessed at least that decency that
attends great ideas—he ruled by respect,
and scorned to captivate them by familiarity.
The more he gained the confidence of the lower classes,
the more did he affect the philosophical tone and austere
demeanour of the statesman. It was plainly perceptible
in his most radical propositions, that however he
might wish to renew social order he would not corrupt
its elements, and that his eyes to emancipate the
people was not to degrade them.