On August 13th our ships in the harbor and our troops on the shore began the attack upon Manila.  About noon the Spaniards had to surrender.  Later in the day a cable message was received from the United States, saying that the war with Spain was ended.

Afterward, when the full Treaty of Peace was signed, the United States agreed to give Spain twenty million dollars for the Philippine Islands.

Manila had been captured once before from the Spanish.  In what is known in this country as the “French and Indian War,” Spain took sides with France, and England sent an expedition against Manila in 1762.  After a siege of about two weeks’ duration, the city was carried by storm and given over to pillage.  Afterwards, terms of capitulation were agreed upon, and the English withdrew.

In the summer of 1899, Admiral Dewey sailed from Manila in his flagship, the Olympia.  He made a leisurely voyage through the Suez Canal, stopped at various Mediterranean ports, and finally reached New York on September 26th.  Preparations on a gigantic scale had been made to welcome him, and distinguished men and deputations from every state in the Union were on hand to greet him.  Splendid receptions and parades followed; costly presents were showered upon him.  The culmination of this spontaneous greeting of the American people was reached when, in the city of Washington, President McKinley presented him with a magnificent sword—­the one that had been voted to him by Congress for his splendid services at Manila.

Through it all Admiral Dewey was as modest as a man could be; he said that the captains of his ships and the crews of their vessels were the men that won “all these indescribable honors” for him.

After the surrender of Manila to General Merritt and Admiral Dewey, Aguinaldo, the leader of the Filipinos, began to make trouble for the Americans.  He proclaimed a new form of government for the islands, with himself as dictator.  He entirely ignored the efforts of the United States to give his people a good government, and because they did not agree to his schemes, he began to fight our soldiers.  He succeeded in raising a formidable insurrection, and we had to send more soldiers to the islands.  General Otis was sent there with reinforcements, and later, a number of the generals who had fought at Santiago were sent to help him put down the rebellion against the authority of the United States, who owned the islands by right of conquest and purchase.

[Illustration:  Admiral Dewey Receiving the Sword of Honor Voted by Congress.]

Many men were killed on both sides, and among them were Major John A. Logan, Jr., and Major-General Henry W. Lawton.

Major Logan was the son of Hon. John A. Logan, formerly a Senator and at one time Vice-President of the United States.

[Illustration:  General E.S.  Otis.]