it a Chinese atmosphere.[122] It is interesting nevertheless to notice that when Turandot was given at Hamburg (July 9 to Sept. 9, 1802) its real provenence was recognized, and, accordingly Turandot was no longer the princess of China, but that of Shiraz, her father being transformed into the Shah of Persia and the doctors of the divan into Oriental Magi.[123] At Dresden the same thing happened, and here even Tartaglia and Brigella, who had been allowed to retain their Italian names in Hamburg, were made to assume the Oriental names of Babouk and Osmin.  The specifically Chinese riddles disappeared, and instead of Tien and Fohi, Hormuz was now invoked.[124]

FOOTNOTES: 

[116] A Letter dated from Weimar, Feb. 20, 1802.  Briefwechsel zwischen Schiller u.  Goethe.  Stuttg. (Cotta) s.  A., vol. iv. p. 98.

[117] W. Sauer in Korrespondenzblatt f. d.  Gelehrten u.  Realschulen Wuerttembergs, XL. pp. 297-304.  Against this view Ernst Mueller in Zeitschr. fuer vgl.  Litteraturgesch., Neue Folge, viii. pp. 271-278.

[118] Les Mille et Un Jours, tr.  Petis de La Croix, ed.  Loiseleur-Deslongchamps, Paris, 1843, p. 69 seq.

[119] Hammer, Red. p. 116; Pizzi, Storia della Poesia Persiana, p. 429.

[120] Cf. name of Mihrab’s wife, Sinducht, Sh.  N. tr.  Mohl i. p. 192 et passim; Puranducht, daughter of Xusrau Parviz, Mirchvand tr.  Rehatsek, vol. i. p. 403.

[121] See Ethe, Gesch. der pers.  Litt. in Grdr. d. iran.  Phil. ii. p 242.

[122] See Albert Koester’s essay on Turandot in Schiller als Dramaturg, Berl. 1891, p. 201.

[123] Koester, op. cit. p. 212.

[124] Ibid. p. 213.

CHAPTER VI.

THE SCHLEGELS.

      Friedrich Schlegel’s Weisheit der Indier—­Foundation of
      Sanskrit Study in Germany.

We have now come to the period of the foundation of Sanskrit philology in Germany.  English statesmanship had completed the material conquest of India; German scholarship now began to join in the spiritual conquest of that country.  With this undertaking the names of Friedrich and August Wilhelm Schlegel are prominently identified.  The chief work of these brothers lies in the field of philosophy, translation and criticism, and is therefore beyond the scope of this investigation.  Suffice it to say that Friedrich’s famous little book Die Weisheit der Indier, published in 1808, besides marking the beginning of Sanskrit studies and comparative grammar in Germany,[125] is also of interest to us because here for the first time a German version of selections from the Mahabharata, Ramayana and the Code of Manu, as well as a description of some of the most common Sanskrit metres is presented,[126] and an attempt is even made to reproduce these metres in the translation.  The work of August Wilhelm Schlegel as critic, translator and editor of important works from Sanskrit literature is too familiar to need more than mention.[127] It is well known that to his lectures Heine owed his fondness for the lotus-flowers and gazelles on the banks of the Ganges.