There are, however, a few slight differences which seem to confirm Father Egedi’s statement that there is probably a difference of pronunciation in the various Afoa villages. [189] Father Egedi writes:  p, v, k, t, l, ts where Dr. Strong has:  b, w, g, d, r, t.  The latter also has final i for e, oa for a or o, ia for ea, u for oi ai for ei.  Sometimes b represents m or v.  Some of Dr. Strong’s words show marks of Afoa grammar, as, e.g., the words for eat, see, sit, give, head, husband or wife, mother, are:  na nai, I eat; na nu kava, I thee see; na navi, I sit; nu inie, thou givest; ni adi, your head; omen iva, his wife or her husband; aumen ini, his mother.  The Tauata words are added to the Afoa Vocabulary in square brackets.

3.  Kovio.—­The language called Kovio by Dr. Strong is substantially the same as the Oru Lopiko of Rev. Father Egedi. [190] The same or a similar language is said to be found in four places, viz.—­

1.  Lopiko in the Inava valley. 2.  Inavarene in the Inava valley. 3.  Kwoifa district on upper Lakekamu River. 4.  Villages round Pic Eleia.

Details of these dialects are not given.

SECTION II

II.  Comparison.

The three groups of languages illustrated in these vocabularies present the usual Papuan characteristics of great differences.  A certain amount of resemblance may be found in some of the pronouns, and possibly in a few other words, but generally speaking the languages are not only quite unconnected with each other, but are also distinct from the known Papuan languages surrounding them.

I.          Thou.        He.          We.              You.         They. 
I.   Fuyuge             na, nani    nu, nuni    u, uni      di, dini        yi, yini    tu, tuni
Kambisa            na          nu          u           —­              —­          ha-ru
Sikube             na-nio      nu-ni       —­          —­              —­          —­
Kabana             nau         —­          —­          —­              —­          —­
II.   Afoa               na          nu-i        ome         —­              —­          —­
Tauata             na, nai     nu, nu-i    ome, ome-i  nane, nane-i    nune, nunei ote, ote-i
III.  Kovio              na          ni          pi          —­              —­          —­
Oru-Lopiko         na, naro    ni, niro    pi, piro    dae, daro       ali, alero  valo, valoro
West Toaripi            ara-o       a-o         are-o       ela-o           e-o         ere-o
Namau              na-i        ni-i        u           ene-i           noro        oro
Kiwai              mo          ro          nou         nimo            nigo        nei
North-east, Binandele   na          imo         owa         kaena, nakare   imomae      owawa