A. By removing the pin at the forward end of reach rod, to free the tumbling shaft and allow it to be moved either forward or back to move the engine.  A block should be placed over the link block to avoid damaging it when uncoupled, as well as to hold link in proper position to move the engine.  This would allow the engine to be moved and clear the main line.

76.  Q. How can the blowing of steam past cylinder packing, a valve or valve strip be distinguished or located?

A. Test for a leaky slide valve, place the engine on the quarter on the suspected side with the reverse lever in center notch; the valve should be in the middle of its travel and cover both ports.  If steam blows through the open cylinder cocks on that side, the valve or seat are defective.  A leaky balanced valve strip will allow steam to blow through the hole on top of the valve into the exhaust port in the seat and very little steam will come out of the cylinder cock; in some cases with the valve barely opening a steam port to the exhaust, air will draw in at the cylinder cock.  If there is a drip cock in the exhaust pipe under the saddle, the steam will blow out there.  After testing for leaky valve, place the engine on about the forward bottom or top back eighth, block the wheels or set the brakes solid, put reverse lever in corner, open cylinder cocks and give the engine steam.  If steam comes out of both cylinder cocks, and testing valve shows it is tight, then the packing is blowing.  Cylinder packing should be tested with steam first on one side of the piston and then on the other.

77.  Q. If engine should blow badly and be unable to start the train when on the right dead center, on which side would be the blow generally?

A. On the left side.  If the side standing on the quarter cannot start the train, the trouble is usually there.

78.  Q. If throttle were closed and steam came out of cylinder cocks, what might be the cause?

A. To test for this, first shut off steam connection to the lubricator; steam leaking into the cylinders can come from a leaky throttle or leaky dry pipe.

79.  Q. Is it possible to distinguish between a leaky throttle and a leaky dry pipe?

A. Yes; a leaky throttle usually leaks steam at all times.  A leaky dry pipe will leak both steam and water.  It will show a stream of water at the cylinder cocks when the water level in the boiler is raised above the leak in the dry pipe.

80.  Q. What effect have leaky steam pipes in the smoke-arch, and how should they be tested?

A. Leaky steam pipes waste steam and very seriously affect the draft in the front end.  A bad leak in the back part of the joint at the bottom will blow into the tubes and make the engine smoke at the door with throttle wide open while standing still.  To test them, open the front door and cover the joint with fine cinders.  When the engine is given steam, the cinders will blow away from the leak; to properly test them in the shop, water under heavy pressure should be used.