A. Pull the fire off the broken or burned grates, cover that section with any pieces of iron at hand (fish-plates or angle-bars are very good), then level up the fire, clean ash-pan and proceed with full train.

52.  Q. What precaution should be taken to prevent locomotive throwing fire?

A. The netting and smoke-arch should be kept in good condition; cinder slide and hand hole plates securely fastened, ash-pan clean and slide dampers for dumping ashes closed.  Care should be exercised in working the engine, especially in the vicinity of stations or places where fire is liable to catch.  Avoid working the engine hard so as to prevent throwing cinders.

53.  Q. What shall be done with a badly leaking or bursted flue?

A. Plug it if possible with an iron or wooden plug.  If in the fire-box end, a piece of scantling or post can be sharpened and driven into the flue from the fire-box door; it will then burn off up to where the water from the bursted flue keeps it wet.  If a bottom flue, would cover it with ashes or green coal so that the leakage would not put out the balance of the fire.  If able to maintain steam pressure, would then proceed with a full train.

54.  Q. What should be done in case the throttle valve stem became disconnected while the valve is closed?  If it became disconnected leaving valve open?

A. Would notify the train crew and Dispatcher and arrange to be towed in.  With lubricator working, unless in very cold weather so there is danger of the water freezing in the cylinders or steam chest passages, would not disconnect.  By taking out lubricator chokes and steam chest valves from the oil pipe, a larger supply of steam could be got into the cylinders.  If in to clear of other trains and practicable, would take up the dome cap and connect the throttle again.  If disconnected and valve stuck open, would notify the train crew and Dispatcher, reduce steam pressure until the engine could be handled with reverse lever and brake, and proceed with such a train as the engine can handle.

55.  Q. In case a valve yoke or stem became broken inside of steam chest, how can the breakage be located?

A. In this case the disabled valve is always pushed to the front end of the steam chest so that with a slide valve or outside admission piston valve the back port is open to live steam.  When given steam, the engine will stop on the eighth, and when reversed will move over to the other eighth, being stopped there by the live steam in the back end of the cylinder having the disabled valve.  Steam will blow from the back cylinder cock on the disabled side and cannot be changed by reversing the engine.  If the valve is pushed far enough ahead to open the exhaust port, steam will blow through the exhaust so the engine cannot be moved.  With an inside admission valve the forward steam port will be opened and steam will come out of the forward cylinder cock on the disabled side.