consumed by his soldiers, and other matters still more offensive.  The table was instantly covered with maps, over which the emperor pored most attentively for a considerable time.  Of what was passing around him he seemed not to take the smallest notice.  The spectators, of whom I was one, crowded pretty close about him.  On occasion of his visit to the city, a few months before, the French had discovered that the people of Leipzig were not so malicious as they had been represented, but tolerably good-natured creatures.  They were therefore allowed to approach unobstructed within twenty paces.  A long train of carriages from the Wurzen road, the cracking of the whips of the postilions, together with a great number of horse-soldiers and tall grenadiers, announced the arrival of another distinguished personage, and called the attention of the by-standers that way.  It was the king of Saxony, with his guards and retinue.  He alighted, and a kind salutation ensued between him and his august ally.  The king soon afterwards mounted a horse, and thus proceeded into the city.  Napoleon meanwhile remained where he was.  He sometimes rose from his seat, went up to the watch-fire, held his hands over it, rubbed them, and then placed them behind him, whilst with his foot he pushed the wood, consisting of dry boards and rafters from the nearest houses, into the flame, to make it burn more fiercely.  At the same time he very frequently took snuff, of which he seemed to have but a small quantity left in his gold box.  At last he scraped together what was left with his finger, and poured it out upon his hand.  When all was gone, he opened the box several times and smelt to it, without applying to any of the marshals and generals around him to relieve his want.  As the discharges of artillery towards Probstheide grew more and more general and alarming, and the wounded kept returning in continually increasing numbers, I was rather surprised that the commander should, on this occasion, contrary to his usual custom, quietly remain so far from the field of battle, which was near ten miles distant, apparently without giving himself the least concern about the event.

It was about four in the afternoon when one of his aid-de-camps came at full speed from the city, and made a report.  The drums instantly beat to arms, and the divisions of the guards broke up.  The emperor immediately mounted his horse, and followed them.  He directed his course towards the Kohlgaerten[3], leaving the field of battle on the right.  I soon perceived the cause of this movement:  the message informed him of the arrival of the whole of his guards, for whom he had been waiting.  They came from Dueben, entering by the Halle gate, and now made a countermarch upon Dresden.  When I beheld their endless files and cannon without number pouring out of the city, I certainly gave up the allies for lost.  I was thoroughly convinced that Napoleon had no other plan than to strike off to the right behind the Kohlgaerten,