The table on the following page gives the succession of intervals generally taken by tuners employing this system using the tones within the F octave mentioned above.  Middle C is obtained in the usual way, from the tuning fork.

SYSTEM A.

By middle C  tune F             fifth below.       Temper sharp. 
By F    "  B[b] (A[#]) fourth above.         "     "
" C    "  G             fourth below.       "    flat
" G    "  D           fifth above.          "     "
" D    "  A             fourth below.       "     "
" A    "  E           fifth above.          "     "
" E    "  B             fourth below.       "     "
" B    "  F[#]          fourth below.       "     "
" F[#] "  C[#]        fifth above.          "     "
" C[#] "  G[#]          fourth below.       "     "
" G[#] "  D[#]        fifth above.          "     "
Then try D[#] with A[#] previously tuned for “wolves.”

We think a little study and trial of this system will produce the conviction that it is a very difficult and precarious one, and that it has every disadvantage but one, namely, that it uses the smallest possible number of tones, which is really of little value, and does not compensate for the difficulty encountered and the uncertainty of the results.

Another system which has many advantages over the above, is one which employs fifths only and covers a compass of an octave and a half.  This system is similar to ours in that it employs fifths in the same succession as far as G[#], the most of them, however, being an octave higher.  From this G[#] there is a break in the succession, and the tuner goes back to middle C from which he started and tunes by fifths downward until he reaches the G[#] at which he left off.  This system employs the tones from F below middle C to C, octave above.  Below is the succession, starting upon 3C, whose pitch is determined as usual.

SYSTEM B.

By 3C tune 2C octave below. " 2C " 2G fifth above. " 2G " 1G octave below. " 1G " 2D fifth above. " 2D " 2A fifth above. " 2A " 1A octave below. " 1A " 2E fifth above. " 2E " 2B fifth above. " 2B " 1B octave below. " 1B " 2F[#] fifth above. " 2F[#] " 1F[#] octave below. " 1F[#] " 2C[#] fifth above. " 2C[#] " 2G[#] fifth above. " 2G[#] " 1G[#] octave below.

By 2C tune 1F fifth below.  Temper sharp. " 1F " 2F octave above. " 2F " 1B[b] fifth below.  Temper sharp. " 1B[b] " 2B[b] octave above. " 2B[b] " 2E[b] fifth below.  Temper sharp.

    Now by 2E[b] try 1A[b] (G[#]) fifth below for the “wolf.”

    Note that this last trial brings you back to the last tone tuned
    before the break.