the legislator, taking up that which neither he deposited,
nor any ancestor of his, without the consent of the
depositor, violating the simplest and noblest of laws
which was the enactment of no mean man: ’Take
not up that which was not laid down by thee’—of
him, I say, who despises these two legislators, and
takes up, not some small matter which he has not deposited,
but perhaps a great heap of treasure, what he ought
to suffer at the hands of the Gods, God only knows;
but I would have the first person who sees him go
and tell the wardens of the city, if the occurrence
has taken place in the city, or if the occurrence
has taken place in the agora he shall tell the wardens
of the agora, or if in the country he shall tell the
wardens of the country and their commanders.
When information has been received the city shall send
to Delphi, and, whatever the God answers about the
money and the remover of the money, that the city
shall do in obedience to the oracle; the informer,
if he be a freeman, shall have the honour of doing
rightly, and he who informs not, the dishonour of
doing wrongly; and if he be a slave who gives information,
let him be freed, as he ought to be, by the state,
which shall give his master the price of him; but if
he do not inform he shall be punished with death.
Next in order shall follow a similar law, which shall
apply equally to matters great and small: If a
man happens to leave behind him some part of his property,
whether intentionally or unintentionally, let him
who may come upon the left property suffer it to remain,
reflecting that such things are under the protection
of the Goddess of ways, and are dedicated to her by
the law. But if any one defies the law, and takes
the property home with him, let him, if the thing
is of little worth, and the man who takes it a slave,
be beaten with many stripes by him who meets him,
being a person of not less than thirty years of age.
Or if he be a freeman, in addition to being thought
a mean person and a despiser of the laws, let him
pay ten times the value of the treasure which he has
moved to the leaver. And if some one accuses another
of having anything which belongs to him, whether little
or much, and the other admits that he has this thing,
but denies that the property in dispute belongs to
the other, if the property be registered with the
magistrates according to law, the claimant shall summon
the possessor, who shall bring it before the magistrates;
and when it is brought into court, if it be registered
in the public registers, to which of the litigants
it belonged, let him take it and go his way.
Or if the property be registered as belonging to some
one who is not present, whoever will offer sufficient
surety on behalf of the absent person that he will
give it up to him, shall take it away as the representative
of the other. But if the property which is deposited
be not registered with the magistrates, let it remain
until the time of trial with three of the eldest of
the magistrates; and if it be an animal which is deposited,
then he who loses the suit shall pay the magistrates
for its keep, and they shall determine the cause within
three days.