whoever they are, whether strangers or slaves, who
have the charge on behalf of the citizens, shall produce
to the strangers the portion which falls to them,
in the first place, a twelfth portion of the corn—the
stranger shall purchase corn for the whole month,
and other cereals, on the first market day; and on
the tenth day of the month the one party shall sell,
and the other buy, liquids sufficient to last during
the whole month; and on the twenty-third day there
shall be a sale of animals by those who are willing
to sell to the people who want to buy, and of implements
and other things which husbandmen sell, (such as skins
and all kinds of clothing, either woven or made of
felt and other goods of the same sort) and which strangers
are compelled to buy and purchase of others.
As to the retail trade in these things, whether of
barley or wheat set apart for meal and flour, or any
other kind of food, no one shall sell them to citizens
or their slaves, nor shall any one buy of a citizen;
but let the stranger sell them in the market of strangers,
to artisans and their slaves, making an exchange of
wine and food, which is commonly called retail trade.
And butchers shall offer for sale parts of dismembered
animals to the strangers, and artisans, and their
servants. Let any stranger who likes buy fuel
from day to day wholesale, from those who have the
care of it in the country, and let him sell to the
strangers as much as he pleases and when he pleases.
As to other goods and implements which are likely to
be wanted, they shall sell them in the common market,
at any place which the guardians of the law and the
wardens of the market and city, choosing according
to their judgment, shall determine; at such places
they shall exchange money for goods, and goods for
money, neither party giving credit to the other; and
he who gives credit must be satisfied, whether he obtain
his money or not, for in such exchanges he will not
be protected by law. But whenever property has
been bought or sold, greater in quantity or value than
is allowed by the law, which has determined within
what limits a man may increase and diminish his possessions,
let the excess be registered in the books of the guardians
of the law; or in case of diminution, let there be
an erasure made. And let the same rule be observed
about the registration of the property of the metics.
Any one who likes may come and be a metic on certain
conditions; a foreigner, if he likes, and is able to
settle, may dwell in the land, but he must practise
an art, and not abide more than twenty years from
the time at which he has registered himself; and he
shall pay no sojourner’s tax, however small,
except good conduct, nor any other tax for buying
and selling. But when the twenty years have expired,
he shall take his property with him and depart.
And if in the course of these years he should chance
to distinguish himself by any considerable benefit
which he confers on the state, and he thinks that he
can persuade the council and assembly, either to grant