I am ready to maintain quite seriously. Moreover,
those who would regulate these matters rightly should
consider, that our city among existing cities has no
fellow, either in respect of leisure or command of
the necessaries of life, and that like an individual
she ought to live happily. And those who would
live happily should in the first place do no wrong
to one another, and ought not themselves to be wronged
by others; to attain the first is not difficult, but
there is great difficulty in acquiring the power of
not being wronged. No man can be perfectly secure
against wrong, unless he has become perfectly good;
and cities are like individuals in this, for a city
if good has a life of peace, but if evil, a life of
war within and without. Wherefore the citizens
ought to practise war—not in time of war,
but rather while they are at peace. And every
city which has any sense, should take the field at
least for one day in every month, and for more if the
magistrates think fit, having no regard to winter cold
or summer heat; and they should go out en masse, including
their wives and their children, when the magistrates
determine to lead forth the whole people, or in separate
portions when summoned by them; and they should always
provide that there should be games and sacrificial
feasts, and they should have tournaments, imitating
in as lively a manner as they can real battles.
And they should distribute prizes of victory and valour
to the competitors, passing censures and encomiums
on one another according to the characters which they
bear in the contests and in their whole life, honouring
him who seems to be the best, and blaming him who
is the opposite. And let poets celebrate the
victors—not however every poet, but only
one who in the first place is not less than fifty
years of age; nor should he be one who, although he
may have musical and poetical gifts, has never in his
life done any noble or illustrious action; but those
who are themselves good and also honourable in the
state, creators of noble actions—let their
poems be sung, even though they be not very musical.
And let the judgment of them rest with the instructor
of youth and the other guardians of the laws, who
shall give them this privilege, and they alone shall
be free to sing; but the rest of the world shall not
have this liberty. Nor shall any one dare to
sing a song which has not been approved by the judgment
of the guardians of the laws, not even if his strain
be sweeter than the songs of Thamyras and Orpheus;
but only such poems as have been judged sacred and
dedicated to the Gods, and such as are the works of
good men, in which praise or blame has been awarded
and which have been deemed to fulfil their design
fairly.