SECOND INAUGURAL ADDRESS

[Washington, March 4, 1917.]

MY FELLOW-CITIZENS: 

The four years which have elapsed since last I stood in this place have been crowded with counsel and action of the most vital interest and consequence.  Perhaps no equal period in our history has been so fruitful of important reforms in our economic and industrial life or so full of significant changes in the spirit and purpose of our political action.  We have sought very thoughtfully to set our house in order, correct the grosser errors and abuses of our industrial life, liberate and quicken the processes of our national genius and energy, and lift our politics to a broader view of the people’s essential interests.  It is a record of singular variety and singular distinction.  But I shall not attempt to review it.  It speaks for itself and will be of increasing influence as the years go by.  This is not the time for retrospect.  It is time, rather, to speak our thoughts and purposes concerning the present and the immediate future.

Although we have centered counsel and action with such unusual concentration and success upon the great problems of domestic legislation to which we addressed ourselves four years ago, other matters have more and more forced themselves upon our attention, matters lying outside our own life as a nation and over which we had no control, but which, despite our wish to keep free of them, have drawn us more and more irresistibly into their own current and influence.

It has been impossible to avoid them.  They have affected the life of the whole world.  They have shaken men everywhere with a passion and an apprehension they never knew before.  It has been hard to preserve calm counsel while the thought of our own people swayed this way and that under their influence.  We are a composite and cosmopolitan people.  We are of the blood of all the nations that are at war.  The currents of our thoughts as well as the currents of our trade run quick at all seasons back and forth between us and them.  The war inevitably set its mark from the first alike upon our minds, our industries, our commerce, our politics, and our social action.  To be indifferent to it or independent of it was out of the question.

And yet all the while we have been conscious that we were not part of it.  In that consciousness, despite many divisions, we have drawn closer together.  We have been deeply wronged upon the seas, but we have not wished to wrong or injure in return; have retained throughout the consciousness of standing in some sort apart, intent upon an interest that transcended the immediate issues of the war itself.  As some of the injuries done us have become intolerable we have still been clear that we wished nothing for ourselves that we were not ready to demand for all mankind,—­fair dealing, justice, the freedom to live and be at ease against organized wrong.