42.  Provisions respecting merchants, and freedom of entering and quitting the realm, except in war time. 43-46.  Minor provisions. 47, 48.  Provisions disafforesting all forests seized by John, and guaranteeing forest rights to subjects. 49-60.  Various minor provisions. 62.  Provision for carrying out the charter by the barons in case the King fails in the performance of his agreement. 63.  The freedom of the Church reaffirmed.  Every one in the kingdom to have and hold his liberties and rights.

“Given under our hand, in the presence of the witnesses above named, and many others, in the meadow called Runnymede between Windsor and Stains, the 15th day of June, in the 17th of our reign.” [Here is appended the King’s seal.]

[1] These important articles were omitted when Magna Carta was reissued in 1216 by Henry III.  Stubbs says they were never restored:  but Edward I, in his Confirmation of the Charters, seems to reaffirm them.  See the Confirmation; see also Gneist’s “English Constitution,” II, 9. [2] This article is regarded by some authorities as the prototype of the statute of Habeas Corpus; others consider that it is implied in Articles 39-40.

Confirmation of the Charters by Edward I, 1297.

In 1297 Edward I confirmed Magna Carta and the Forest Charter granted by Henry III in 1217 by letters patent.  The document consists of sevent articles, of which the following, namely, the sixth and seventh, are the most important.

6.  Moreover we have granted for us and our heirs, as well to archbishops, bishops, abbots, priors, and other folk of holy Church, as also to eaarls, barons, and to all the commonalty of the land, that for no business from henceforth will we take such manner of aids, tasks, nor prises but by the common consent of the realm, and for the common profit thereof, saving the ancient aids and prises due and accustomed.

7.  And for so much as the more part of the commonalty of the realm find themselves sore grieved with the maletote [i.e. an unjust tax or duty] of wools, that is to wit, a toll of forty shillings for every sack of wool, and have made petition to us to release the same; we, at their requests, have clearly released it, and have granted for us and our heirs that we shall not take such thing nor any other without their common assent and good will; saving to us and our heirs the custom of wools, skins, and leather, granted before by the commonalty aforesaid.  In witness of which things we have caused these our letters to be made patents.  Witness Edward our son, at London, the 10th day of October, the five-and-twentieth of our reign.

And be it remembered that this same Charter, in the same terms, word for word, was sealed in Flanders under the King’s Great Seal, that is to say, at Ghent, the 5th day of November, in the 25th year of the reign of our aforesaid Lord the King, and sent into England.

THE PETITION OF RIGHT