of Oannes, governor of Syria. Ninos, amazed at
the courage displayed by her on more than one occasion,
carried her off, made her his favourite wife, and
finally met his death at her hands. No sooner
did she become queen, than she founded Babylon on a
far more extensive scale than that of Nineveh.
Its walls were three hundred and sixty stadia in length,
with two hundred and fifty lofty towers, placed here
and there on its circuit, the roadway round the top
of the ramparts being wide enough for six chariots
to drive abreast. She made a kind of harbour
in the Euphrates, threw a bridge across it, and built
quays one hundred and sixty stadia in length along
its course; in the midst of the town she raised a
temple to Bel. This great work was scarcely finished
when disturbances broke out in Media; these she promptly
repressed, and set out on a tour of inspection through
the whole of her provinces, with a view to preventing
the recurrence of similar outbreaks by her presence.
Wherever she went she left records of her passage behind
her, cutting her way through mountains, quarrying
a pathway through the solid rock, making broad highways
for herself, bringing rebellious tribes beneath her
yoke, and raising tumuli to mark the tombs of such
of her satraps as fell beneath the blows of the enemy.
She built Ecbatana in Media, Semiramocarta on Lake
Van in Armenia, and Tarsus in Cilicia; then, having
reached the confines of Syria, she crossed the isthmus,
and conquered Egypt and Ethiopia. The far-famed
wealth of India recalled her from the banks of the
Nile to those of the Euphrates, en route for
the remote east, but at this point her good fortune
forsook her: she was defeated by King Stratobates,
and returned to her own dominions, never again to
leave them. She had set up triumphal stelae on
the boundaries of the habitable globe, in the very
midst of Scythia, not far from the Iaxartes, where,
centuries afterwards, Alexander of Macedon read the
panegyric of herself which she had caused to be engraved
there. “Nature,” she writes, “gave
me the body of a woman, but my deeds have put me on
a level with the greatest of men. I ruled over
the dominion of Ninos, which extends eastwards to
the river Hinaman, southwards to the countries of
Incense and Myrrh, and northwards as far as the Sacaa
and Sogdiani. Before my time no Assyrian had
ever set eyes on the sea: I have seen four oceans
to which no mariner has ever sailed, so far remote
are they. I have made rivers to flow where I would
have them, in the places where they were needed; thus
did I render fertile the barren soil by watering it
with my rivers. I raised up impregnable fortresses,
and cut roadways through the solid rock with the pick.
I opened a way for the wheels of my chariots in places
to which even the feet of wild beasts had never penetrated.
And, amidst all these labours, I yet found time for
my pleasures and for the society of my friends.”
On discovering that her son Ninyas was plotting her