* The Cilician inscriptions of the Graeco-Roman period reveal the existence in this region of a god, Rho, Rhos.  Did this god exist among the Khati, and did the similarity of the pronunciation of it to that of the god Ra suggest to the Egyptians the existence of a similar god among these people, or did they simply translate into their language the name of the Hittite god representing the sun?

** The names Mauru and Qaui are deduced from the forms Maurusaru and Qauisaru, which were borne by the Khati:  Qaui was probably the eponymous hero of the Qui people, as Khati was of the Khati.  Tarku and Tisubu appear to me to be contained in the names Targanunasa, Targazatas, and Tartisubu; Tisubu is probably the Tessupas mentioned in the letter from Dushratta written in Mitannian, and identical with the Tushupu of another letter from the same king, and in a despatch from Tarkondaraush.  Targu, Targa, Targanu, resemble the god Tarkhu, which is known to us from the proper names of these regions preserved in attributes covered by each of these divine names, and as to the forms with which they were invested.

[Illustration:  138.jpg A HITTITE KING.]

     Drawn by Faucher-Gudin, from a picture in Lepsius. 
     Khatusaru, King of the Khati, who was for thirty years a
     contemporary of Ramses II.

Tishubu, the Ramman of the Assyrians, was doubtless lord of the tempest and of the atmosphere; Shausbe answered to Shala and to Ishtar the queen of love;* but we are frequently in ignorance as to the Assyrian and Greek inscriptions.  Kheba, Khepa, Khipa, is said to be a denomination of Ramman; we find it in the names of the princesses Tadu-khipa, Gilu-khipa, Puu-khipa.

The majority of them, both male and female, were of gigantic stature, and were arrayed in the vesture of earthly kings and queens:  they brandished their arms, displayed the insignia of their authority, such as a flower or bunch of grapes, and while receiving the offerings of the people were seated on a chair before an altar, or stood each on the animal representing him—­such as a lion, a stag, or wild goat.  The temples of their towns have disappeared, but they could never have been, it would seem, either-large or magnificent:  the favourite places of worship were the tops of mountains, in the vicinity of springs, or the depths of mysterious grottoes, where the deity revealed himself to his priests, and received the faithful at the solemn festivals celebrated several times a year.*

* The association of Tushupu, Tessupas, Tisubu, with Rammanu is made out from an Assyrian tablet published by Bezold:  it was reserved for Say ce and Jensen to determine the nature of the god.  Shausbe has been identified with Ishtar or Shala by Jensen.

We know as little about their political organisation as about their religion.* We may believe, however, that it was feudal in character, and that every clan had its hereditary chief and its proper gods:  the clans collectively rendered obedience to a common king, whose effective authority depended upon his character and age.**