six measures of oil.”  He dedicated them to Shamash, and suspended them on the corners of the altar; then he washed his hands in the Euphrates, re-entered Uruk, and passed through the streets in triumph.  A riotous banquet ended the day, but on that very night Eabani felt himself haunted by an inexplicable and baleful dream, and fortune abandoned the two heroes.  Gilgames had cried in the intoxication of success to the women of Uruk:  “Who shines forth among the valiant?  Who is glorious above all men?  Gilgames shines forth among the valiant, Gilgames is glorious above all men.”  Ishtar made him feel her vengeance in the destruction of that beauty of which he was so proud; she covered him with leprosy from head to foot, and made him an object of horror to his friends of the previous day.  A life of pain and a frightful death—­he alone could escape them who dared to go to the confines of the world in quest of the Fountain of Youth and the Tree of Life which were said to be there hidden; but the road was rough, unknown, beset by dangers, and no one of those who had ventured upon it had ever returned.  Gilgames resolved to brave every peril rather than submit to his fate, and proposed this fresh adventure to his friend Eabani, who, notwithstanding his sad forebodings, consented to accompany him.  They killed a tiger on the way, but Eabani was mortally wounded in a struggle in which they engaged in the neighbourhood of Nipur, and breathed his last after an agony of twelve days’ duration.

“Gilgames wept bitterly over his friend Eabani, grovelling on the bare earth.”  The selfish fear of death struggled in his spirit with regret at having lost so dear a companion, a tried friend in so many encounters.  “I do not wish to die like Eabani:  sorrow has entered my heart, the fear of death has taken possession of me, and I am overcome.  But I will go with rapid steps to the strong Shamashnapishtim, son of Ubaratutu, to learn from him how to become immortal.”  He leaves the plain of the Euphrates, he plunges boldly into the desert, he loses himself for a whole day amid frightful solitudes.  “I reached at nightfall a ravine in the mountain, I beheld lions and trembled, but I raised my face towards the moon-god, and I prayed:  my supplication ascended even to the father of the gods, and he extended over me his protection.”  A vision from on high revealed to him the road he was to take.  With axe and dagger in hand, he reached the entrance of a dark passage leading into the mountain of Mashu,* “whose gate is guarded day and night by supernatural beings.”

* The land of Mashu is the land to the west of the Euphrates, coterminous on one part with the northern regions of the Red Sea, on the other with the Persian Gulf; the name appears to be preserved in that of the classic Mesene, and possibly in the land of Massa of the Hebrews.

[Illustration:  071.jpg THE SCORPION-MEN OF THE MOUNTAINS OF MASHU.]

     Drawn by Faucher-Gudin, from an Assyrian intaglio.