Such are the conclusions to which modern discovery in Crete has impelled us with regard to the pictures of the Keftiu at Shekh ’Abd el-Kurna.  It is indeed a new chapter in the history of the relations of ancient Egypt with the outside world that Dr. Arthur Evans has opened for us.  And in this connection some American work must not be overlooked.  An expedition sent out by the University of Pennsylvania, under Miss Harriet Boyd, has discovered much of importance to Mycenaean study in the ruins of an ancient town at Gournia in Crete, east of Knossos.  Here, however, little has been found that will bear directly on the question of relations between Mycenaean Greece and Egypt.

The Theban necropoles of the New Empire are by no means exhausted by a description of the Tombs of the Kings and Shekh ’Abd el-Kurna; but few new discoveries have been made anywhere except in the picturesque valley of the Tombs of the Queens, south of Shekh ’Abd el-Kurna.  Here the Italian Egyptologist, Prof.  Schiaparelli, has lately discovered and excavated some very fine tombs of the XIXth and XXth Dynasties.  The best is that of Queen Nefertari, one of the wives of Ramses II.  The colouring of the reliefs upon these walls is extraordinarily bright, and the portraits of the queen, who has a very beautiful face, with aquiline nose, are wonderfully preserved.  She was of the dark type, while another queen, Titi by name, who was buried close by, was fair, and had a retrousse nose.  Prof.  Schiaparelli also discovered here the tombs of some princes of the XXth Dynasty, who died young.  All the tombs are much alike, with a single short gallery, on the walls of which are mythological scenes, figures of the prince and of his father, the king, etc., painted in a crude style, which shows a great degeneration from that of the XVIIIth Dynasty tombs.

We now leave the great necropolis and turn to the later temples of the Western Bank at Thebes.  These were of a funerary character, like those of Der el-Bahari, already described.  The most imposing of all in some respects is the Ramesseum, where lies the huge granite colossus of Ramses II, prostrate and broken, which Diodorus knew as the statue of Osymandyas.  This name is a late corruption of Ramses II’s throne-name, User-maat-Ra, pronounced Usimare.  The temple has been cleared by Mr. Howard Carter for the Egyptian government, and the small town of priests’ houses, magazines, and cellars, to the west of it, has been excavated by him.  This is quite a little Pompeii, with its small streets, its houses with the stucco still clinging to the walls, its public altar, its market colonnade, and its gallery of statues.  The statues are only of brick like the walls, and roughly shaped and plastered, but they were portraits, undoubtedly, of celebrities of the time, though we do not know of whom.  On either side are the long magazines in which were kept the possessions of the priests of the Ramesseum, the grain from the lands