“Nous ne pouvons faire un pas a travers le monde, sans rencontrer l’Anglais.  Nous ne pouvons jeter les yeux sur nos anciennes possessions, sans y voir flotter le pavilion anglais.” A Quoi tient la Superiorite des Anglo-Saxons?—­Demolins.  This work, as well as another on much the same subject (L’Europa giovane, by Guglielmo Ferrero), were reviewed in the Edinburgh Review for January 1898.]

[Footnote 11:  Vie de Turgot, i. 47.  In the debate on the India Act in 1858, Sir George Cornewall Lewis, whose views were generally distinguished for their moderation, said:  “I do most confidently maintain that no civilised Government ever existed on the face of this earth which was more corrupt, more perfidious, and more capricious than the East India Company was from 1758 to 1784, when it was placed under Parliamentary control.”]

[Footnote 12:  “It still remains true that there is a large body of public opinion in England which carries into all politics a sound moral sense, and which places a just and righteous policy higher than any mere party interest.  It is on the power and pressure of this opinion that the high character of English government must ultimately depend.”—­Map of Life, Lecky, p. 184.  It will be a matter for surprise if the ultra-bureaucratic spirit, coupled with a somewhat pronounced degree of commercial egotism, do not prove the two rocks on which German colonial enterprise will be eventually shipwrecked.]

[Footnote 13:  Butcher, Some Aspects of the Greek Genius, p. 27.]

[Footnote 14:  Essays.  “Of Honour and Reputation.”]

[Footnote 15:  Sir Charles Wood’s Administration of Indian Affairs, 1859-66. West. 1867.  Sir Algernon West was Private Secretary to Sir Charles Wood, afterwards Lord Halifax, who was the first Secretary of State for India appointed after the passing of the India Act of 1858, and, therefore, inaugurated the new system.]

[Footnote 16:  See, inter alia, Chesney’s Indian Polity, p. 136.]

[Footnote 17:  Perhaps the best-known example is “Salus populi suprema lex esto,” a maxim which, as Selden has pointed out (Table Talk, ciii.), is very frequently misapplied.  See also the advice given by the Emperor Claudius to the Parthian Mithridates (Tacitus, Ann. xii. 11).]

[Footnote 18:  “The idea of forcing everything to an artificial equality has something, at first view, very captivating in it.  It has all the appearance imaginable of justice and good order; and very many persons, without any sort of partial purposes, have been led to adopt such schemes, and to pursue them with great earnestness and warmth.  Though I have no doubt that the minute, laborious, and very expensive cadastre, which was made by the King of Sardinia, has done no sort of good, and that after all his pains a few years will restore all things to their first inequality, yet it has been the admiration of half the reforming financiers of Europe; I mean the official financiers, as well as the speculative.”—­Memoirs of Sir Philip Francis, ii. 126.]