In the fall of 1888 Mr. H. W. Henshaw visited the vicinity of Monterey with the hope of discovering survivors of these Indians.  Two women were found in the Salinas Valley to the south who claimed to be of Esselen blood, but neither of them was able to recall any of the language, both having learned in early life to speak the Runsien language in place of their own.  An old woman was found in the Carmelo Valley near Monterey and an old man living near the town of Cayucos, who, though of Runsien birth, remembered considerable of the language of their neighbors with whom they were connected by marriage.  From them a vocabulary of one hundred and ten words and sixty-eight phrases and short sentences were obtained.  These serve to establish the general correctness of the short lists of words collected so long ago by Lamanon and Galiano, and they also prove beyond reasonable doubt that the Esselen language forms a family by itself and has no connection with any other known.

The tribe or tribes composing this family occupied a narrow strip of the California coast from Monterey Bay south to the vicinity of the Santa Lucia Mountain, a distance of about 50 miles.

IROQUOIAN FAMILY.

> Iroquois, Gallatin in Trans.  Am.  Antiq.  Soc., II, 21, 23, 305, 1836 (excludes Cherokee).  Prichard, Phys.  Hist.  Mankind, V, 381, 1847 (follows Gallatin).  Gallatin in Trans.  Am.  Eth.  Soc., II, pt. 1, xcix, 77, 1848 (as in 1836).  Gallatin in Schoolcraft, Ind.  Tribes, III, 401, 1853.  Latham in Trans.  Philolog.  Soc.  Lond., 58, 1856.  Latham, Opuscula, 327, 1860.  Latham, Elements Comp.  Phil., 463, 1862.

  > Irokesen, Berghaus (1845), Physik.  Atlas, map 17, 1848.  Ibid., 1852.

  X Irokesen, Berghaus, Physik.  Atlas, map 72, 1887 (includes Kataba and
  said to be derived from Dakota).

  > Huron-Iroquois, Bancroft, Hist.  U.S., III, 243, 1840.

  > Wyandot-Iroquois, Keane, App.  Stanford’s Comp. (Cent. and So.  Am.),
  460, 468, 1878.

> Cherokees, Gallatin in Am.  Antiq.  Soc., II, 89, 306, 1836 (kept apart from Iroquois though probable affinity asserted).  Bancroft, Hist.  U.S., III, 246, 1840.  Prichard, Phys.  Hist.  Mankind, V, 401, 1847.  Gallatin in Trans.  Am.  Eth.  Soc., II, pt. 1, xcix, 77, 1848.  Latham in Trans.  Philolog.  Soc.  Lond., 58, 1856 (a separate group perhaps to be classed with Iroquois and Sioux).  Gallatin in Schoolcraft, Ind.  Tribes, III, 401, 1853.  Latham, Opuscula, 327, 1860.  Keane, App.  Stanford’s Comp. (Cent. and So.  Am.), 460, 472, 1878 (same as Chelekees or Tsalagi—­“apparently entirely distinct from all other American tongues").

  > Tschirokies, Berghaus (1845), Physik.  Atlas, map 17, 1848.

  > Chelekees, Keane, App.  Stanford’s Comp. (Cent. and So.  Am.), 473,
  1878 (or Cherokees).

  > Cheroki, Gatschet, Creek Mig.  Legend, I, 34, 1884.  Gatschet in
  Science, 413, April 29, 1887.