Population.—­The U.S.  Census Bulletin for 1890 mentions thirty-one tribes as resident on the Siletz Reservation with a combined population of 571.  How many Yakwina are among this number is not known.  The breaking down of tribal distinctions by reason of the extensive intermarriage of the several tribes is given as the reason for the failure to give a census by tribes.

YANAN FAMILY.

  = No-zi, Powers in Cont.  N.A.  Eth., III, 275, 1877 (or No-si; mention
  of tribe; gives numerals and states they are different from any he has
  found in California).

  = Noces, Gatschet in Mag.  Am.  Hist., 160, March, 1877 (or Nozes;
  merely mentioned under Meidoo family).

Derivation:  Yana means “people” in the Yanan language.

In 1880 Powell collected a short vocabulary from this tribe, which is chiefly known to the settlers by the name Noje or Nozi.  Judged by this vocabulary the language seemed to be distinct from any other.  More recently, in 1884, Mr. Curtin visited the remnants of the tribe, consisting of thirty-five individuals, and obtained an extensive collection of words, the study of which seems to confirm the impression of the isolated position of the language as regards other American tongues.

The Nozi seem to have been a small tribe ever since known to Europeans.  They have a tradition to the effect that they came to California from the far East.  Powers states that they differ markedly in physical traits from all California tribes met by him.  At present the Nozi are reduced to two little groups, one at Redding, the other in their original country at Round Mountain, California.

GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.

The eastern boundary of the Yanan territory is formed by a range of mountains a little west of Lassen Butte and terminating near Pit River; the northern boundary by a line running from northeast to southwest, passing near the northern side of Round Mountain, 3 miles from Pit River.  The western boundary from Redding southward is on an average 10 miles to the east of the Sacramento.  North of Redding it averages double that distance or about 20 miles.

YUKIAN FAMILY.

  = Yuki, Powers in Cont.  N.A.  Eth., III, 125-138, 1877 (general
  description of tribe).

  = Yu-ki, Powell in ibid., 483 (vocabs. of Yu-ki, H[-u]chnp[-o]m, and a
  fourth unnamed vocabulary).

= Yuka, Powers in Overland Monthly, IX, 305, Oct., 1872 (same as above).  Gatschet in Mag.  Am.  Hist., 161, 1877 (defines habitat of family; gives Yuka, Ashochemies or Wappos, Shumeias, Tahtoos).  Gatschet in Beach, Ind.  Misc., 435, 1877.  Bancroft, Nat.  Races, III, 566, 1882 (includes Yuka, Tahtoo, Wapo or Ashochemic).

  = Uka, Gatschet in Mag.  Am.  Hist., 161, 1877.  Gatschet in Beach, Ind. 
  Misc., 435, 1877 (same as his Yuka).