“The first ghost that came was that of my comrade Elpenor, for he had not yet been laid beneath the earth.  We had left his body unwaked and unburied in Circe’s house, for we had had too much else to do.  I was very sorry for him, and cried when I saw him:  ‘Elpenor,’ said I, ’how did you come down here into this gloom and darkness?  You have got here on foot quicker than I have with my ship.’

“‘Sir,’ he answered with a groan, ’it was all bad luck, and my own unspeakable drunkenness.  I was lying asleep on the top of Circe’s house, and never thought of coming down again by the great staircase but fell right off the roof and broke my neck, so my soul came down to the house of Hades.  And now I beseech you by all those whom you have left behind you, though they are not here, by your wife, by the father who brought you up when you were a child, and by Telemachus who is the one hope of your house, do what I shall now ask you.  I know that when you leave this limbo you will again hold your ship for the Aeaean island.  Do not go thence leaving me unwaked and unburied behind you, or I may bring heaven’s anger upon you; but burn me with whatever armour I have, build a barrow for me on the sea shore, that may tell people in days to come what a poor unlucky fellow I was, and plant over my grave the oar I used to row with when I was yet alive and with my messmates.’  And I said, ’My poor fellow, I will do all that you have asked of me.’

“Thus, then, did we sit and hold sad talk with one another, I on the one side of the trench with my sword held over the blood, and the ghost of my comrade saying all this to me from the other side.  Then came the ghost of my dead mother Anticlea, daughter to Autolycus.  I had left her alive when I set out for Troy and was moved to tears when I saw her, but even so, for all my sorrow I would not let her come near the blood till I had asked my questions of Teiresias.

“Then came also the ghost of Theban Teiresias, with his golden sceptre in his hand.  He knew me and said, ’Ulysses, noble son of Laertes, why, poor man, have you left the light of day and come down to visit the dead in this sad place?  Stand back from the trench and withdraw your sword that I may drink of the blood and answer your questions truly.’

“So I drew back, and sheathed my sword, whereon when he had drank of the blood he began with his prophecy.

“‘You want to know,’ said he, ’about your return home, but heaven will make this hard for you.  I do not think that you will escape the eye of Neptune, who still nurses his bitter grudge against you for having blinded his son.  Still, after much suffering you may get home if you can restrain yourself and your companions when your ship reaches the Thrinacian island, where you will find the sheep and cattle belonging to the sun, who sees and gives ear to everything.  If you leave these flocks unharmed and think of nothing but of getting home, you may yet after much hardship reach Ithaca; but if you harm them, then I forewarn you of the destruction both of your ship and of your men.  Even though you may yourself escape, you will return in bad plight after losing all your men, [in another man’s ship, and you will find trouble in your house, which will be overrun by high-handed people, who are devouring your substance under the pretext of paying court and making presents to your wife.