{167} Here we have it again.  Waste of substance comes first.

{168} cf.  “Il.” iii. 337 and three other places.  It is strange that the author of the “Iliad” should find a little horse-hair so alarming.  Possibly enough she was merely borrowing a common form line from some earlier poet—­or poetess—­for this is a woman’s line rather than a man’s.

{169} Or perhaps simply “window.”  See plan in the appendix.

{170} i.e. the pavement on which Ulysses was standing.

{171} The interpretation of lines 126-143 is most dubious, and at best we are in a region of melodrama:  cf., however, i.425, etc. from which it appears that there was a tower in the outer court, and that Telemachus used to sleep in it.  The [Greek] I take to be a door, or trap door, leading on to the roof above Telemachus’s bed room, which we are told was in a place that could be seen from all round—­or it might be simply a window in Telemachus’s room looking out into the street.  From the top of the tower the outer world was to be told what was going on, but people could not get in by the [Greek]:  they would have to come in by the main entrance, and Melanthius explains that the mouth of the narrow passage (which was in the lands of Ulysses and his friends) commanded the only entrance by which help could come, so that there would be nothing gained by raising an alarm.  As for the [Greek] of line 143, no commentator ancient or modern has been able to say what was intended—­but whatever they were, Melanthius could never carry twelve shields, twelve helmets, and twelve spears.  Moreover, where he could go the others could go also.  If a dozen suitors had followed Melanthius into the house they could have attacked Ulysses in the rear, in which case, unless Minerva had intervened promptly, the “Odyssey” would have had a different ending.  But throughout the scene we are in a region of extravagance rather than of true fiction—­it cannot be taken seriously by any but the very serious, until we come to the episode of Phemius and Medon, where the writer begins to be at home again.

{172} I presume it was intended that there should be a hook driven into the bearing-post.

{173} What for?

{174} Gr:  [Greek].  This is not [Greek].

{175} From lines 333 and 341 of this book, and lines 145 and 146 of bk. xxi we can locate the approach to the [Greek] with some certainty.

{176} But in xix. 500-502 Ulysses scolded Euryclea for offering information on this very point, and declared himself quite able to settle it for himself.

{177} There were a hundred and eight Suitors.

{178} Lord Grimthorpe, whose understanding does not lend itself to easy imposition, has been good enough to write to me about my conviction that the “Odyssey” was written by a woman, and to send me remarks upon the gross absurdity of the incident here recorded.  It is plain that all the authoress cared about was that the women should be hanged:  as for attempting to realise, or to make her readers realise, how the hanging was done, this was of no consequence.  The reader must take her word for it and ask no questions.  Lord Grimthorpe wrote: