This is a den of the worst kind of slave-traders; those whom I met in Urungu and Itawa were gentlemen slavers:  the Ujiji slavers, like the Kilwa and Portuguese, are the vilest of the vile.  It is not a trade, but a system of consecutive murders; they go to plunder and kidnap, and every trading trip is nothing but a foray.  Moene Mokaia, the headman of this place, sent canoes through to Nzige, and his people, feeling their prowess among men ignorant of guns, made a regular assault but were repulsed, and the whole, twenty in number, were killed.  Moene Mokaia is now negotiating with Syde bin Habib to go and revenge this, for so much ivory, and all he can get besides.  Syde, by trying to revenge the death of Salem bin Habib, his brother, on the Bakatala, has blocked up one part of the country against me, and will probably block Nzige, for I cannot get a message sent to Chowambe by anyone, and may have to go to Karagwe on foot, and then from Rumanyika down to this water.

[In reference to the above we may add that there is a vocabulary of Masai words at the end of a memorandum-book.  Livingstone compiled this with the idea that it would prove useful on his way towards the coast, should he eventually pass through the Masai country.  No doubt some of the Arabs or their slaves knew the language, and assisted him at his work.]

29th May, 1869.—­Many people went off to Unyembe, and their houses were untenanted; I wished one, as I was in a lean-to of Zahor’s, but the two headmen tried to secure the rent for themselves, and were defeated by Mohamad bin Saleh.  I took my packet of letters to Thani, and gave two cloths and four bunches of beads to the man who was to take them to Unyanyembe; an hour afterwards, letters, cloths, and beads were returned:  Thani said he was afraid of English letters; he did not know what was inside.  I had sewed them up in a piece of canvas, that was suspicious, and he would call all the great men of Ujiji and ask them if it would be safe to take them; if they assented he would call for the letters, if not he would not send them.  I told Mohamad bin Saleh, and he said to Thani that he and I were men of the Government, and orders had come from Syed Majid to treat me with all respect:  was this conduct respectful?  Thani then sent for the packet, but whether it will reach Zanzibar I am doubtful.  I gave the rent to the owner of the house and went into it on 31st May.  They are nearly all miserable Suaheli at Ujiji, and have neither the manners nor the sense of Arabs.

[We see in the next few lines how satisfied Livingstone was concerning the current in the Lake:  he almost wishes to call Tanganyika a river.  Here then is a problem left for the future explorer to determine.  Although the Doctor proved by experiments during his lengthy stay at Ujiji that the set is towards the north, his two men get over the difficulty thus:  “If you blow upon the surface of a basin of water on one side, you will cause the water at last to revolve