I don’t know how the great loving Father will bring all out right at last, but He knows and will do it.

The African’s idea seems to be that they are within the power of a power superior to themselves—­apart from and invisible:  good; but frequently evil and dangerous.  This may have been the earliest religious feeling of dependence on a Divine power without any conscious feeling of its nature.  Idols may have come in to give a definite idea of superior power, and the primitive faith or impression obtained by Revelation seems to have mingled with their idolatry without any sense of incongruity. (See Micah in Judges.)[19]

The origin of the primitive faith in Africans and others, seems always to have been a divine influence on their dark minds, which has proved persistent in all ages.  One portion of primitive belief—­the continued existence of departed spirits—­seems to have no connection whatever with dreams, or, as we should say, with “ghost seeing,” for great agony is felt in prospect of bodily mutilation or burning of the body after death, as that is believed to render return to one’s native land impossible.  They feel as if it would shut them off from all intercourse with relatives after death.  They would lose the power of doing good to those onceloved, and evil to those who deserved their revenge.  Take the case of the slaves in the yoke, singing songs of hate and revenge against those who sold them into slavery.  They thought it right so to harbour hatred, though most of the party had been sold for crimes—­adultery, stealing, &c.—­which they knew to be sins.

If Baker’s expedition should succeed in annexing the valley of the Nile to Egypt, the question arises,—­Would not the miserable condition of the natives, when subjected to all the atrocities of the White Nile slave-traders, be worse under Egyptian dominion?  The villages would be farmed out to tax-collectors, the women, children and boys carried off into slavery, and the free thought and feeling of the population placed under the dead weight of Islam.  Bad as the situation now is, if Baker leaves it matters will grow worse.  It is probable that actual experience will correct the fancies he now puts forth as to the proper mode of dealing with Africans.

10th May, 1872.—­Hamees Wodin Tagh, my friend, is reported slain by the Makoa of a large village he went to fight.  Other influential Arabs are killed, but full information has not yet arrived.  He was in youth a slave, but by energy and good conduct in trading with the Masai and far south of Nyassa, and elsewhere, he rose to freedom and wealth.  He had good taste in all his domestic arrangements, and seemed to be a good man.  He showed great kindness to me on my arrival at Chitimbwa’s.