The Manyuema are said to be friendly where they have not been attacked by Arabs:  a great chief is reported as living on a large river flowing northwards, I hope to make my way to him, and I feel exhilarated at the thought of getting among people not spoiled by contact with Arab traders.  I would not hesitate to run the risk of getting through Loanda, the continuation of Usige beyond Mokamba’s, had blood not been shed so very recently there; but it would at present be a great danger, and to explore some sixty miles of the Tanganyika line only.  If I return hither from Manyuema my goods and fresh men from Zanzibar will have arrived, and I shall be better able to judge as to the course to be pursued after that.  Mokamba is about twenty, miles beyond Uvira; the scene of Moeneghere’s defeat, is ten miles beyond Mokamba; so the unexplored part cannot be over sixty miles, say thirty if we take Baker’s estimate of the southing of his water to be near the truth.

Salem or Palamotto told me that he was sent for by a headman near to this to fight his brother for him:  he went and demanded prepayment; then the brother sent him three tusks to refrain:  Salem took them and came home.  The Africans have had hard measures meted out to them in the world’s history!

28th June, 1869.—­The current in Tanganyika is well marked when the lighter-coloured water of a river flows in and does not at once mix—­the Luishe at Ujiji is a good example, and it shows by large light greenish patches on the surface a current of nearly a mile an hour north.  It begins to flow about February, and continues running north till November or December.  Evaporation on 300 miles of the south is then at its strongest, and water begins to flow gently south till arrested by the flood of the great rains there, which takes place in February and March.  There is, it seems, a reflux for about three months in each year, flow and reflow being the effect of the rains and evaporation on a lacustrine river of some three hundred miles in length lying south of the equator.  The flow northwards I have myself observed, that again southwards rests on native testimony, and it was elicited from the Arabs by pointing out the northern current:  they attributed the southern current to the effect of the wind, which they say then blows south.  Being cooled by the rains, it comes south into the hot valley of this great Riverein Lake, or lacustrine river.

In going to Moenekuss, the paramount chief of the Manyuema, forty days are required.  The headmen of trading parties remain with this chief (who is said by all to be a very good man), and send their people out in all directions to trade.  Moenemogaia says that in going due north from Moenekuss they come to a large river, the Robumba, which flows into and is the Luama, and that this again joins the Lualaba, which retains its name after flowing with the Lufira and Lofu into the still unvisited Lake S.S.W. of this:  it goes thence due north, probably into Mr. Baker’s part of the eastern branch of the Nile.  When I have gone as far north along Lualaba as I can this year, I shall be able to judge as to the course I ought to take after receiving my goods and men from Zanzibar, and may the Highest direct me, so that I may finish creditably the work I have undertaken.  I propose to start for Manyuema on the 3rd July.