guns, two only are in a state fit for service.  Bullocks are provided for six out of fourteen, but they are hardly able to stand from want of food, much less to draw heavy guns.  I looked at them, and found that they had had no grain for many years, and very little grass or chaff, since none is allowed by Government for their use, and little can be got by forage, or plunder, which is the same thing.  One seer and half of grain, or three pounds a-day for each bullock, is allowed and paid for by Government, but the bullocks never get any of it.  Of the six best guns, for which he has draft bullocks, the carriage of one went to pieces on the road yesterday, and that of another went to pieces this-morning in my camp, in firing the salute, and both guns now lie useless on the ground.  He has one mortar, but only two shells for it; and he has neither powder nor ball for any of the guns.  He was obliged to purchase in the bazaar the powder required for the salute for the Resident.

The Nazim tells me, that he has entertained at his own cost two thousand Nujeebs or Seobundies, on the same conditions as those on which the others serve in the two Regiments, on duty under him—­that is, they are to get four rupees a-month each, and furnish themselves with food, clothing, a matchlock, sword, accoutrements, and ammunition, except on occasions of actual fighting, when he is to provide them with powder and ball from the bazaar.  The minister, he tells me, promised to send him another Nujeeb corps—­the Futteh Jung—­ from Khyrabad; but he has heard so bad an account of its discipline, that he might as well be without it.  All the great landholders see the helpless state of the Nazim, and not only withhold from him the just dues of Government, but seize upon and appropriate with impunity the estates of the small proprietors in their neighbourhood.

January 1, 1850.—­Fourteen miles to Rae Bareilly, over a plain with more than usual undulation, and the same doomuteea light soil, tolerably cultivated, and well studded with trees of the finest kind.  The festoons of the bandha hang gracefully from the branches, with their light green and yellow leaves, and scarlet flowers, in the dark green foliage of the mango and mhowa trees in great abundance.  I saw them in no other, but they are sometimes said to be found in the banyan, peepul, and other trees, with large leaves, though not in the tamarind, babul, and other trees, with small leaves.  I examined those on the mango and mhowa trees, and they are the same in leaf and flower, and are said to be the same in whatever tree found.  Rae Bareilly is in the estate of Shunkurpoor, belonging to Rana Benee Madho, a large landholder.  He resides at Shunkurpoor, ten miles from this, and is strong, and not very scrupulous in the acquisition, by fraud, violence, and collusion, of the lands of the small proprietors in the neighbourhood.  I asked Rajah Hunmunt Sing, of Dharoopoor, as he was riding by my side, this morning, whether he was not