or a world-conqueror’s.  He learns that the open grave over which he muses has been dug for the woman he loved; and he suffers one terrible pang, from which he gains relief in frenzied words and frenzied action,—­action which must needs intensify, if that were possible, the fury of the man whom he has, however unwittingly, so cruelly injured.  Yet he appears absolutely unconscious that he has injured Laertes at all, and asks him: 

     What is the reason that you use me thus?

And as the sharpness of the first pang passes, the old weary misery returns, and he might almost say to Ophelia, as he does to her brother: 

     I loved you ever:  but it is no matter.

‘It is no matter’:  nothing matters.

The last scene opens.  He narrates to Horatio the events of the voyage and his uncle’s attempt to murder him.  But the conclusion of the story is no plan of action, but the old fatal question, ’Ought I not to act?’[66] And, while he asks it, his enemies have acted.  Osric enters with an invitation to him to take part in a fencing-match with Laertes.  This match—­he is expressly told so—­has been arranged by his deadly enemy the King; and his antagonist is a man whose hands but a few hours ago were at his throat, and whose voice he had heard shouting ’The devil take thy soul!’ But he does not think of that.  To fence is to show a courtesy, and to himself it is a relief,—­action, and not the one hateful action.  There is something noble in his carelessness, and also in his refusal to attend to the presentiment which he suddenly feels (and of which he says, not only ‘the readiness is all,’ but also ’it is no matter’).  Something noble; and yet, when a sacred duty is still undone, ought one to be so ready to die?  With the same carelessness, and with that trustfulness which makes us love him, but which is here so fatally misplaced, he picks up the first foil that comes to his hand, asks indifferently, ‘These foils have all a length?’ and begins.  And Fate descends upon his enemies, and his mother, and himself.

But he is not left in utter defeat.  Not only is his task at last accomplished, but Shakespeare seems to have determined that his hero should exhibit in his latest hour all the glorious power and all the nobility and sweetness of his nature.  Of the first, the power, I spoke before,[67] but there is a wonderful beauty in the revelation of the second.  His body already labouring in the pangs of death, his mind soars above them.  He forgives Laertes; he remembers his wretched mother and bids her adieu, ignorant that she has preceded him.  We hear now no word of lamentation or self-reproach.  He has will, and just time, to think, not of the past or of what might have been, but of the future; to forbid his friend’s death in words more pathetic in their sadness than even his agony of spirit had been; and to take care, so far as in him lies, for the welfare of the State which he himself should have guided.  Then in spite of shipwreck he reaches the haven of silence where he would be.  What else could his world-wearied flesh desire?