Ida Tarbell, History of the Standard Oil Company (Critical).

G.H.  Montague, Rise and Progress of the Standard Oil Company
(Friendly).

H.P.  Fairchild, Immigration, and F.J.  Warne, The Immigrant Invasion
(Both works favor exclusion).

I.A.  Hourwich, Immigration (Against exclusionist policies).

J.F.  Rhodes, History of the United States, 1877-1896, Vol.  VIII.

Edward Stanwood, A History of the Presidency, Vol.  I, for the presidential elections of the period.

=Questions=

1.  Contrast the state of industry and commerce at the close of the Civil War with its condition at the close of the Revolutionary War.

2.  Enumerate the services rendered to the nation by the railways.

3.  Explain the peculiar relation of railways to government.

4.  What sections of the country have been industrialized?

5.  How do you account for the rise and growth of the trusts?  Explain some of the economic advantages of the trust.

6.  Are the people in cities more or less independent than the farmers?  What was Jefferson’s view?

7.  State some of the problems raised by unrestricted immigration.

8.  What was the theory of the relation of government to business in this period?  Has it changed in recent times?

9.  State the leading economic policies sponsored by the Republican party.

10.  Why were the Republicans especially strong immediately after the Civil War?

11.  What illustrations can you give showing the influence of war in American political campaigns?

12.  Account for the strength of middle-western candidates.

13.  Enumerate some of the abuses that appeared in American political life after 1865.

14.  Sketch the rise and growth of the reform movement.

15.  How is the fluctuating state of public opinion reflected in the elections from 1880 to 1896?

=Research Topics=

=Invention, Discovery, and Transportation.=—­Sparks, National Development (American Nation Series), pp. 37-67; Bogart, Economic History of the United States, Chaps.  XXI, XXII, and XXIII.

=Business and Politics.=—­Paxson, The New Nation (Riverside Series), pp. 92-107; Rhodes, History of the United States, Vol.  VII, pp. 1-29, 64-73, 175-206; Wilson, History of the American People, Vol.  IV, pp. 78-96.

=Immigration.=—­Coman, Industrial History of the United States (2d ed.), pp. 369-374; E.L.  Bogart, Economic History of the United States, pp. 420-422, 434-437; Jenks and Lauck, Immigration Problems, Commons, Races and Immigrants.

=The Disputed Election of 1876.=—­Haworth, The United States in Our Own Time, pp. 82-94; Dunning, Reconstruction, Political and Economic (American Nation Series), pp. 294-341; Elson, History of the United States, pp. 835-841.