H.J.  Ford, The Scotch-Irish in America.

L. Tyler, England in America (American Nation Series).

R. Usher, The Pilgrims and Their History.

=Questions=

1.  America has been called a nation of immigrants.  Explain why.

2.  Why were individuals unable to go alone to America in the beginning?  What agencies made colonization possible?  Discuss each of them.

3.  Make a table of the colonies, showing the methods employed in their settlement.

4.  Why were capital and leadership so very important in early colonization?

5.  What is meant by the “melting pot”?  What nationalities were represented among the early colonists?

6.  Compare the way immigrants come to-day with the way they came in colonial times.

7.  Contrast indentured servitude with slavery and serfdom.

8.  Account for the anxiety of companies and proprietors to secure colonists.

9.  What forces favored the heavy importation of slaves?

10.  In what way did the North derive advantages from slavery?

=Research Topics=

=The Chartered Company.=—­Compare the first and third charters of Virginia in Macdonald, Documentary Source Book of American History, 1606-1898, pp. 1-14.  Analyze the first and second Massachusetts charters in Macdonald, pp. 22-84.  Special reference:  W.A.S.  Hewins, English Trading Companies.

=Congregations and Compacts for Self-government.=—­A study of the Mayflower Compact, the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut and the Fundamental Articles of New Haven in Macdonald, pp. 19, 36, 39.  Reference:  Charles Borgeaud, Rise of Modern Democracy, and C.S.  Lobingier, The People’s Law, Chaps.  I-VII.

=The Proprietary System.=—­Analysis of Penn’s charter of 1681, in Macdonald, p. 80.  Reference:  Lodge, Short History of the English Colonies in America, p. 211.

=Studies of Individual Colonies.=—­Review of outstanding events in history of each colony, using Elson, History of the United States, pp. 55-159, as the basis.

=Biographical Studies.=—­John Smith, John Winthrop, William Penn, Lord Baltimore, William Bradford, Roger Williams, Anne Hutchinson, Thomas Hooker, and Peter Stuyvesant, using any good encyclopedia.

=Indentured Servitude.=—­In Virginia, Lodge, Short History, pp. 69-72; in Pennsylvania, pp. 242-244.  Contemporary account in Callender, Economic History of the United States, pp. 44-51.  Special reference:  Karl Geiser, Redemptioners and Indentured Servants (Yale Review, X, No. 2 Supplement).

=Slavery.=—­In Virginia, Lodge, Short History, pp. 67-69; in the Northern colonies, pp. 241, 275, 322, 408, 442.

=The People of the Colonies.=—­Virginia, Lodge, Short History, pp. 67-73; New England, pp. 406-409, 441-450; Pennsylvania, pp. 227-229, 240-250; New York, pp. 312-313, 322-335.