Second—­She affirms that, through a sign, she persuaded the King to believe in her; and that accompanied by an angel she placed a crown upon his head.

Third—­She affirms her companionship with Saint Michel and other Saints.

Fourth—­She affirms certain things will occur by the revelation obtained by her from certain Saints.

Fifth—­She affirms that her wearing a man’s dress is done by her through the will of God; she has sinned by receiving the Sacrament in that garb, which she says she would sooner die than quit wearing.

Sixth—­She admits having written letters signed with the names of Jesus and Mary and with the sign of a cross.  That, also, she admits having threatened death to those who would not obey her; and she affirms that all she has done has been accomplished by the Divine will.

Seventh—­She gives a false account of her journey to Vaucouleurs and to Chinon.

Eighth—­She also gives an untrue account of her attempt to kill herself at Beaurevoir, sooner than fall into the power of the English.

Ninth—­And also gives false statements of her assurance of salvation, provided she remains a maid, and of never having committed any sin.

Tenth—­And also of her pretending that Saints Catherine and Margaret speak to her in French, and not in English, as they do not belong to the latter side.

Eleventh—­She admits the adoration of her Saints; her disobedience to her parents; and of saying that if the evil one were to appear in the likeness of Saint Michel she would know it was not the Saint.

Twelfth—­Admits that she refuses to submit to the Church Militant, and this in spite of being told that all faithful members of the Church must, by the article ‘Unam Sanctam Ecclesiam Catholicam,’ comply with and submit to the commands of the Church Militant, and principally in all things which pertain to sacred doctrines and the ecclesiastical sanctions.

This was the substance of the twelve articles which Cauchon laid before the doctors of theology and law in Paris.  No one knew better than the Bishop how false these were; Manchon himself had been so impressed with their utter fraudulence that he had inserted in their margin, under the date of the 4th of April, the statement that in many instances the facts alleged were entirely at variance with the declarations of the prisoner.  Cauchon despatched the articles to Paris on the following day, April the 5th.  M. Wallon, in his admirable and exhaustive history of Joan of Arc, has remarked that all her deeds were in these twelve articles travestied from acts of piety or patriotism into acts of superstition and rebellion against God and His Church.  ‘What,’ asks M. Wallon, ’had her accusers to reproach her with?  Her visions?  None of her judges could declare these were impossible, for then they would declare themselves unbelievers in the history