FOOTNOTES: 

[Footnote 1069:  The accepted date is A.D. 552.]

[Footnote 1070:  These names are mostly borrowed from the Chinese and represent:  1.  Chu-she; 2.  Ch’eng-shih; 3.  Lu; 4.  San-lun; 5.  Fa-hsiang; 6.  Hua-yen; 7.  T’ien-t’ai; 8.  Chen-yen; 9.  Ching-t’u; 10.  Ch’an.  See my remarks on these sects in the section on Chinese Buddhism.  See Haas, Die Sekten dea Japanischen Buddhismus, 1905:  many notices in the same author’s Annalen des Jap.  Bud. cited above and Ryauon Fujishima, Le Buddhisme Japonais, 1889.]

[Footnote 1071:  As well as the smaller sects called Ji and Yuzunembutsu.]: 

BOOK VII

MUTUAL INFLUENCE OF EASTERN AND WESTERN RELIGIONS

CHAPTER LV

INFLUENCE OF CHRISTIANITY IN INDIA

In phrases like the above title, the word influence is easy and convenient.  When we hesitate to describe a belief or usage as borrowed or derived, it comes pat to say that it shows traces of external influence.  But in what circumstances is such influence exercised?  It is not the necessary result of contact, for in the east of Europe the Christian Church has not become mohammedanized nor in Poland and Roumania has it contracted any taint of Judaism.  In these cases there is difference of race as well as of religion.  In business the Turk and Jew have some common ground with the oriental Christian:  in social life but little and in religion none at all.  Europe has sometimes shown an interest in Asiatic religions, but on the whole an antipathy to them.  Christianity originated in Palestine, which is a Mediterranean rather than an Asiatic country, and its most important forms, particularly the Roman Catholic Church, took shape on European soil.  Such cults as the worship of Isis and Mithra were prevalent in Europe but they gained their first footing among Asiatic slaves and soldiers and would perhaps not have maintained themselves among European converts only.  And Buddhism, though it may have attracted individual minds, has never produced any general impression west of India.  Both in Spain and in south-eastern Europe Islam was the religion of invaders and made surprisingly few converts.  Christian heretics, such as the Nestorians and Monophysites, who were expelled from Constantinople and had their home in Asia, left the west alone and proselytized in the east.  The peculiar detestation felt by the Church for the doctrines of the Manichaeans was perhaps partly due to the fact that they were in spirit Asiatic.  And the converse of this antipathy is also true:  the progress of Christianity in Asia has been insignificant.