[Footnote 609:  But the Emperor Huan is said to have sacrificed to Buddha and Lao-tzu.  See Hou Han Shu in T’oung Pao, 1907, p. 194.  For early Buddhism see “Communautes et Moines Bouddhistes Chinois au II et au III siecles,” by Maspero in B.E.F.E.O. 1910, p. 222.  In the second century lived Mou-tzu [Chinese:  ] a Buddhist author with a strong spice of Taoism.  His work is a collection of questions and answers, somewhat resembling the Questions of Milinda.  See translation by Pelliot (in T’oung Pao, vol.  XIX. 1920) who gives the date provisionally as 195 A.D.]

[Footnote 610:  Accounts of these and the later translators are found in the thirteen catalogues of the Chinese Tripitaka (see Nanjio, p. xxvii) and other works such as the Kao Sang-Chuan (Nanjio, No. 1490).]

[Footnote 611:  [Chinese:  ].  He worked at translations in Loyang 148-170.]

[Footnote 612:  Dharmakala, see Nanjio, p. 386.  The Vinaya used in these early days of Chinese Buddhism was apparently that of the Dharmagupta school.  See J.A. 1916, II. p. 40.  An Shih-kao (c.  A.D. 150) translated a work called The 3000 Rules for Monks (Nanjio, 1126), but it is not clear what was the Sanskrit original.]

[Footnote 613:  [Chinese:  ]]

[Footnote 614:  [Chinese:  ]]

[Footnote 615:  [Chinese:  ]]

[Footnote 616:  [Chinese:  ] He was a remarkable man and famous in his time, for he was credited not only with clairvoyance and producing rain, but with raising the dead.  Remusat’s account of him, based on the Tsin annals, may still be read with interest.  See Nouv.  Melanges Asiatiques, II. 1829, pp. 179 ff.  His biography is contained in chap. 95 of the Tsin [Chinese:  ] annals.]

[Footnote 617:  [Chinese:  ] Died 363 A.D.]

[Footnote 618:  Ts’in [Chinese:  ] must be distinguished from Tsin [Chinese:  ], the name of three short but legitimate dynasties.]

[Footnote 619:  [Chinese:  ]]

[Footnote 620:  [Chinese:  ]]

[Footnote 621:  See Nanjio, Catalogue, p. 406.]

[Footnote 622:  [Chinese:  ] For this title see Pelliot in T’oung Pao, 1911, p. 671.]

[Footnote 623:  [Chinese:  ]]

[Footnote 624:  [Chinese:  ] He was canonized under the name of Wu [Chinese:  ], and the three great persecutions of Buddhism are sometimes described as the disasters of the three Wu, the others being Wu of the North Chou dynasty (574) and Wu of the T’ang (845).]

[Footnote 625:  [Chinese:  ] For the 25 pilgrims see Nanjio, p. 417.]

[Footnote 626:  [Chinese:  ]]

[Footnote 627:  [Chinese:  ]]

[Footnote 628:  [Chinese:  ]]

[Footnote 629:  [Chinese:  ], [Chinese:  ].  See Chavannes, “Voyage de Song Yun dans l’Udyana et le Gandhara, 518-522,” p.  E in B.E.F.E.O. 1903, pp. 379-441.  For an interesting account of the Dowager Empress see pp. 384-5.]