the direction of the youngest, Paulus Manutius (1512-74), who restored and added to its lustre.  Of Cicero, his favorite author, he revised the entire text and printed repeated editions of some of the works:  e.g. of the Epistolae ad Atticum, ad M. Brutum, ad Quintum fratrem not less than ten, of which this is the first.  The brief scholia he expanded later into full and valuable commentaries, on the Letters to Atticus in 1547, on the Letters to Brutus and Quintus in 1557.

It was Petrarch who in 1345 discovered in a Verona MS. the long lost Letters to Atticus, Brutus and Quintus and copied them with his own hand.  Both the MS. and Petrarch’s copy are lost.  But of the MS. another transcript, procured by Petrarch’s friend Salutati in 1389, is preserved in the Laurentian Library, and of the Petrarch copy we have here a replica in the type which Aldus characterized as manum mentiens.

From the Syston Park library, with book-plate.  Bound by Roger Payne, in blue morocco, gilt edges.  Leaf 6-1/2 x 4 in.

32.  CICERO, MARCUS TULLIUS.  Orationes.  Venetiis, apud Aldi filios, 1546.

TITLE:  M. TVLLII CICERONIS ORATIONVM PARS I. [Aldine anchor] CORRIGENTE PAVLO MANVTIO, ALDI FILIO.  VENETIIS, M.D.XLVI. Fol. 308^a, COLOPHON:  VENETIIS, APVD ALDI FILIOS, M.D.XXXXVI.

Octavo. 4 unnumbered preliminary leaves, containing title and preface of Paulus Manutius addressed to Cardinal Benedetto Accolto, 303 numbered leaves of text and a final leaf with register and colophon on the recto and anchor on the verso.  Italic letter, 30 lines to the page, five-line spaces with guide-letters left for initials.  Renouard, p. 136.

The second edition of the Orations printed by Paulus, vol.  I only (II, III wanting), on large paper.  Renouard (who knew of no complete copy of the three volumes l.p.) remarks, p. 141, on the too elongated form of most of the Aldine large paper octavos, in which all the increased space is at the bottom.  In the present copy it is divided between the bottom and the outer margin, the inner margin and the top having no increase of width—­an arrangement well adapted for marginal annotations and perhaps designed for that use.  An early owner of this copy has in fact added to the printed title (Orationum Pars I) with a pen the word Commentata, but proceeded no further with his plan than simply to underscore a number of words on the first three pages, leaving the margins untouched.

The most important of the commentaries of Paulus was that on the Orations, completed not long before his death and printed by his son Aldus in 1578-9 in three folio volumes.

From the Syston Park library, with book-plate and the monogram of Sir J.H.  Thorold.  Bound in red morocco, gilt edges, with Aldine anchor in gold on sides.  Leaf 8 x 5-1/4 in.

33.  PTOLEMAEUS, CLAUDIUS.  Planisphaerium.  JORDANUS NEMORANUS.  Planisphaerium. 
    Venetiis, [apud Paulum Manutium], 1558.