Jewry, he gained much fame as one of the most persuasive
and affecting preachers of his age. Tillotson
and Clagett were his most intimate friends; and among
his acquaintances were Stillingfleet, Patrick, Beveridge,
Cradock, Whichcot, Calamy, Scot, Sherlock, Wake, and
Cave, including all that eminent circle of London clergy
who were at that time the distinguishing ornament
of the English Church, and who constantly met at one
another’s houses to confer on the religious and
ecclesiastical questions of the day. There was
perhaps no one eminent divine, at the end of the seventeenth
and beginning of the eighteenth century, who had so
much in sympathy with men of either section of the
English Church. He was claimed by the Tories and
High Churchmen; and no doubt, on the majority of subjects
his views agreed with theirs, particularly in the
latter part of his life. But his opinions were
very frequently modified by a more liberal training
and by more generous and considerate ideas than were
common among them. He voted with them against
occasional Conformity, protested against any enfeebling
of the Test Acts, and took, it must be acknowledged,
a far from tolerant line generally in the debates
of 1704-9 relating to the liberties of Dissenters.
On the other hand, he indignantly resented the unworthy
attempt of the more extreme Tories to force the occasional
Conformity Act through the House of Lords by ‘tacking’
it to a money bill. He expressed the utmost displeasure
against anything like bitterness and invective; he
had been warmly in favour of a moderate comprehension
of Dissenters, had voted that Tillotson should be
prolocutor when the scheme was submitted to Convocation,
and had himself taken part of the responsibility of
revision. As in 1675 he had somewhat unadvisedly
accepted, in the discussion with Nonconformists, the
co-operation of Dodwell, so, in 1707, he bestowed
much praise on Hickes’ answer to Tindal (sent
to him by Nelson) on behalf of the rights of the Christian
priesthood. But Dodwell’s Book of Schism
maintained much more exclusive sentiments than Sharp’s
sermon on Conscience, of which it was professedly
a defence; nor could the Archbishop by any means coincide
in the more immoderate opinions of the hot-tempered
nonjuring Dean. And so far from agreeing with
Hickes and Dodwell, who would acknowledge none other
than Episcopal Churches, he said that if he were abroad
he should communicate with the foreign Reformed Churches
wherever he happened to be.[71] On many points of
doctrine he was a High Churchman; he entirely agreed,
for example, with Nelson and the Nonjurors in general,
in regretting the omission in King Edward’s
second Prayer-book of the prayer of oblation.[72]
He bestowed much pains in maintaining the dignity
and efficiency of his cathedral;[73] but, with a curious
intermixture of Puritan feeling, told one of his Nonconformist
correspondents that he did not much approve of musical
services, and would be glad if the law would permit